PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Highly contagious diseases, such as mumps, are a global concern as new epidemics continue to emerge, even in highly vaccinated populations. The risk of transmission and spread of these viruses is even higher for individuals who are more likely to be exposed, including healthcare workers (HCWs). In healthcare settings, both HCWs and patients are at risk of infection during the care process, potentially leading to nosocomial epidemic outbreaks. Mumps is often underestimated compared with measles and rubella, despite being milder and less likely to spread. In fact, the risk of complications following mumps infection is extremely high, especially if the disease occurs in adulthood. The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has been shown to be an excellent preventive measure. Unfortunately, the mumps component appears to be less effective in inducing immunity than those for measles and rubella (two-dose effectiveness of 85%, 95% and 97%, respectively). The main aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of detectable mumps antibodies (serum IgG antibodies) in a cohort of Italian and foreign HCWs in relation to personal and occupational factors. We included in the study 468 subjects who underwent health surveillance at the Occupational Medicine Unit of the Tor Vergata Polyclinic in Rome during the period from January 2021 to March 2023. In our study, the proportion of HCWs found to be unprotected against mumps was very high (8.3%), and those found to be immune are below the WHO threshold for herd immunity (95%). From our data, it seems essential that all occupational health services carry out an accurate screening with a dose of anti-mumps antibodies to assess serological protection before starting a job, regardless of an individual\'s vaccination history. This approach is proving to be beneficial, accurate, as it allows all serologically non-immune individuals to be vaccinated in the workplace, including those who would be protected by their vaccination history but have lost the antibody response.
摘要：
高度传染性疾病,比如腮腺炎,随着新的流行病不断涌现，这是全球关注的问题，即使在高度接种疫苗的人群中。这些病毒传播和传播的风险对于更容易暴露的个体来说甚至更高,包括医护人员（HCWs）。在医疗保健环境中，在护理过程中，医护人员和患者都有感染的风险，可能导致医院流行病爆发。与麻疹和风疹相比，腮腺炎经常被低估，尽管更温和，传播的可能性也更小。事实上,腮腺炎感染后并发症的风险极高，特别是如果疾病发生在成年期。麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗已被证明是一种出色的预防措施。不幸的是,腮腺炎成分在诱导免疫力方面的效果似乎不如麻疹和风疹（两次剂量的有效性为85％，95%和97%,分别)。我们研究的主要目的是调查一组意大利和外国HCW中与个人和职业因素有关的可检测腮腺炎抗体（血清IgG抗体）的患病率。我们在研究中纳入了2021年1月至2023年3月期间在罗马TorVergata综合诊所职业医学部门接受健康监测的468名受试者。在我们的研究中,被发现没有预防腮腺炎的医护人员比例非常高(8.3%)，那些被发现免疫的人低于世卫组织的群体免疫阈值(95%)。从我们的数据来看,在开始工作之前，所有职业卫生服务机构似乎都必须使用一定剂量的抗腮腺炎抗体进行准确的筛查，以评估血清学保护，无论个人的疫苗接种史。这种方法被证明是有益的，准确,因为它允许所有血清学上非免疫的个体在工作场所接种疫苗，包括那些将受到疫苗接种史保护但已经失去抗体反应的人。
