PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
One of the most promising areas of research in palaeomicrobiology is the study of the human microbiome. In particular, ancient dental calculus helps to reconstruct a substantial share of oral microbiome composition by mapping together human evolution with its state of health/oral disease. This review aims to trace microbial characteristics in ancient dental calculus to describe the evolution of the human host-oral microbiome relationship in oral health or disease in children and adults. Following the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, the main scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Cochrane Library) have been drawn upon. Eligibility criteria were established, and all the data collected on a purpose-oriented collection form were analysed descriptively. From the initial 340 records, only 19 studies were deemed comprehensive enough for the purpose of this review. The knowledge of the composition of ancient oral microbiomes has broadened over the past few years thanks to increasingly well-performing decontamination protocols and additional analytical avenues. Above all, metagenomic sequencing, also implemented by state-of-the-art bioinformatics tools, allows for the determination of the qualitative-quantitative composition of microbial species associated with health status and caries/periodontal disease. Some microbial species, especially periodontal pathogens, do not appear to have changed in history, while others that support caries disease or oral health could be connected to human evolution through lifestyle and environmental contributing factors.
摘要：
古微生物学研究中最有希望的领域之一是人类微生物组的研究。特别是,古代牙结石通过绘制人类进化及其健康状况/口腔疾病有助于重建口腔微生物组组成的大部分。这篇综述旨在追踪古代牙结石中的微生物特征，以描述人类宿主与口腔微生物组关系在儿童和成人口腔健康或疾病中的演变。遵循PRISMA-扩展范围审查指南，主要的科学数据库(PubMed，Scopus,丁香花,Cochrane图书馆）已被利用。建立了合格标准，并对以目的为导向的收集表格收集的所有数据进行了描述性分析。从最初的340条记录中，只有19项研究被认为足够全面以达到本综述的目的.在过去的几年中，由于越来越好的去污方案和其他分析途径，对古代口腔微生物组组成的了解已经扩大。最重要的是,宏基因组测序，还通过最先进的生物信息学工具实现，允许确定与健康状况和龋齿/牙周病相关的微生物种类的定性-定量组成。一些微生物物种，尤其是牙周病原体，似乎没有改变历史，而其他支持龋齿疾病或口腔健康的人可能通过生活方式和环境因素与人类进化有关。
