PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bacteria in the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in estuarine and coastal waters. Some species (including Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus) are known human pathogens causing ailments like cholera, diarrhea, or septicemia. Notably, V. vulnificus can also cause a severe systemic infection (known as vibriosis) in eels raised in aquaculture facilities. Water samples were periodically collected from the estuary of the Asahi River, located in the southern part of Okayama City, Japan. These samples were directly plated onto CHROMagar Vibrio plates, and colonies displaying turquoise-blue coloration were selected. Thereafter, polymerase chain reaction was used to identify V. cholerae and V. vulnificus. A total of 30 V. cholerae strains and 194 V. vulnificus strains were isolated during the warm season when the water temperature (WT) was higher than 20 °C. Concurrently, an increase in coliforms was observed during this period. Notably, V. vulnificus has two genotypes, designated as genotype 1 and genotype 2. Genotype 1 is pathogenic to humans, while genotype 2 is pathogenic to both humans and eels. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification method was developed to rapidly determine genotypes at a low cost. Of the 194 strains isolated, 80 (41.2%) were identified as genotype 1 strains. Among the 41 strains isolated when the WTs were higher than 28 °C, 25 strains (61.0%) belonged to genotype 1. In contrast, of the 32 strains isolated when the WTs were lower than 24 °C, 27 strains (84.4%) belonged to genotype 2. These results suggest that the distribution of the two genotypes was influenced by WT.
摘要：
弧菌属中的细菌在河口和沿海水域中普遍存在。一些物种（包括霍乱弧菌和创伤弧菌）是导致霍乱等疾病的已知人类病原体，腹泻,或败血症。值得注意的是,创伤弧菌也可在水产养殖设施中饲养的鳗鱼中引起严重的全身性感染(称为弧菌病)。定期从朝日河河口收集水样，位于冈山市的南部，日本。将这些样品直接镀在CHROMagar弧菌平板上，选择显示绿松石蓝色的菌落。此后,聚合酶链反应用于鉴定霍乱弧菌和创伤弧菌。在水温（WT）高于20°C的温暖季节，共分离出30株霍乱弧菌菌株和194株霍乱弧菌菌株。同时,在此期间观察到大肠杆菌的增加。值得注意的是,V.创伤有两种基因型，指定为基因型1和基因型2。基因型1对人类具有致病性，而基因型2对人类和鳗鱼都有致病性。开发了环介导等温扩增方法，以低成本快速确定基因型。在分离的194个菌株中，80株(41.2%)被鉴定为基因型1株。在WTs高于28°C时分离出的41株菌株中，25株(61.0%)属于基因型1。相比之下,在WTs低于24°C时分离出的32个菌株中，27株(84.4%)属于2型。这些结果表明，两种基因型的分布受WT的影响。
