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Abstract：
Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality for interstitial lung disease (ILD)-related respiratory failure. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HFNC therapy in patients with ILDs. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major electronic databases to identify relevant studies investigating the use of HFNC therapy in ILD patients with respiratory failure. Outcome measures of interest included improvements in oxygenation, dyspnea relief, respiratory rate control, hospital length of stay, and mortality. Results: Twelve studies were analyzed with an overall population of 715 patients included. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) was the most prevalent type of ILD. Evaluated clinical settings were acute (7 studies), chronic (2 studies), and end-stage (3 studies) ILDs. The HFNC as a support for acute respiratory failure seems not inferior to non-invasive ventilation while offering better comfort and patient\'s perception. Poor data are available about use in chronic/long-term or rehabilitative settings. In end of life/palliative care, an HFNC might improve quality of life. Despite the promising results, further research is warranted to establish optimal HFNC protocols, identify patient subgroups most likely to benefit, and explore long-term outcomes. Conclusions: Overall, the HFNC appears to be a valuable therapeutic option for managing respiratory failure in ILD patients, offering potential improvements in oxygenation and symptom relief.
摘要：
背景：高流量鼻插管（HFNC）疗法已成为间质性肺病（ILD）相关呼吸衰竭的有希望的治疗方式。本系统评价旨在评估HFNC治疗ILD患者的疗效和安全性。方法：使用主要的电子数据库进行全面的文献检索，以确定调查ILD呼吸衰竭患者使用HFNC治疗的相关研究。感兴趣的结果指标包括氧合的改善，呼吸困难缓解，呼吸频率控制,住院时间,和死亡率。结果：分析了12项研究，包括715名患者。特发性肺纤维化（IPF）是ILD的最常见类型。评估的临床设置是急性的（7项研究），慢性（2项研究），和终末期（3项研究）ILD。HFNC作为急性呼吸衰竭的支持似乎并不逊色于无创通气，同时提供更好的舒适度和患者的感知。关于在慢性/长期或康复环境中使用的数据很差。在临终/姑息治疗中，HFNC可以改善生活质量。尽管结果很有希望，需要进一步的研究来建立最优的HFNC协议，确定最有可能受益的患者亚组，探索长期结果。结论：总体而言，HFNC似乎是治疗ILD患者呼吸衰竭的一种有价值的治疗选择，提供氧合和症状缓解的潜在改善。
