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Abstract：
Thyroid cancer is the most common head and neck cancer (HNC) in the world. In this article, we comprehensively cover baseline, posttreatment, and follow-up imaging recommendations for thyroid carcinomas along with the eighth edition of the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). We include characterization and risk stratification of thyroid nodules on ultrasound (US) proposed by various international bodies. Management guidelines (depending upon the type of thyroid carcinoma) based on the international consensus recommendations (mainly by the American Thyroid Association) are also extensively covered in this article, including the role of a radioiodine scan. The management of recurrent disease is also briefly elucidated in this article. In addition, we cover the risk factors and etiopathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma along with the non-imaging diagnostic workup essential for thyroid carcinoma management, including the significance of genetic mutations. US is the diagnostic imaging modality of choice, with US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) being the procedure of choice for tissue diagnosis. The roles of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) in thyroid carcinoma staging are also specified. Through this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive reference guide for the radiologists and the clinicians in the pursuit of optimal care for patients with thyroid carcinoma.
摘要：
甲状腺癌是世界上最常见的头颈部肿瘤（HNC）。在这篇文章中,我们全面覆盖基线，后处理,和甲状腺癌的后续影像学建议以及第八版的肿瘤，节点,转移（TNM）分期系统由美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）和国际癌症控制联盟（UICC）提出。我们包括各种国际机构提出的超声（US）对甲状腺结节进行表征和风险分层。本文还广泛涵盖了基于国际共识建议（主要由美国甲状腺协会提供）的管理指南（取决于甲状腺癌的类型），包括放射性碘扫描的作用.本文还简要阐述了复发性疾病的管理。此外,我们涵盖了甲状腺癌的危险因素和病因，以及甲状腺癌管理必不可少的非影像学诊断检查，包括基因突变的意义。美国是首选的诊断成像模式，美国引导的细针穿刺（FNA）是组织诊断的首选程序。计算机断层扫描（CT）的作用，磁共振成像（MRI），还指定了甲状腺癌分期中的氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/CT（FDG-PET/CT）。通过这篇文章,我们的目标是为放射科医师和临床医师寻求甲状腺癌患者的最佳治疗提供全面的参考指导。
