PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Chronic pruritus that lasts for over 6 weeks can present in various forms, like papules, nodules, and plaque types, with prurigo nodularis (PN) being the most prevalent. The pathogenesis of PN involves the dysregulation of immune cell-neural circuits and is associated with peripheral neuropathies, possibly due to chronic scratching. PN is a persistent and challenging condition, involving complex interactions among the skin, immune system, and nervous system. Lesional skin in PN exhibits the infiltration of diverse immune cells like T cells, eosinophils, macrophages, and mast cells, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines and itch-inducing substances. Activated sensory nerve fibers aggravate pruritus by releasing neurotransmitters, perpetuating a vicious cycle of itching and scratching. Traditional treatments often fail, but recent advancements in understanding the inflammatory and itch transmission mechanisms of PN have paved the way for innovative therapeutic approaches, which are explored in this review.
摘要：
持续超过6周的慢性瘙痒可以以各种形式存在，像丘疹，结节,和斑块类型，其中结节性痒疹（PN）是最普遍的。PN的发病机制涉及免疫细胞-神经回路的失调，并与周围神经病有关。可能是由于慢性抓挠。PN是一个持续和具有挑战性的条件，涉及皮肤之间复杂的相互作用，免疫系统,和神经系统。PN中的病变皮肤表现出多种免疫细胞如T细胞的浸润，嗜酸性粒细胞,巨噬细胞，和肥大细胞,导致炎症细胞因子和瘙痒诱导物质的释放。激活的感觉神经纤维通过释放神经递质加重瘙痒，延续瘙痒和抓挠的恶性循环。传统的治疗方法经常失败，但是最近在了解PN的炎症和瘙痒传导机制方面的进展为创新的治疗方法铺平了道路，这在这篇综述中进行了探讨。
