PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cancer immunotherapy relies on the insight that the immune system can be used to defend against malignant cells. The aim of cancer immunotherapy is to utilize, modulate, activate, and train the immune system to amplify antitumor T-cell immunity. In parallel, the immune system response to damaged tissue is also crucial in determining the success or failure of an implant. Due to their extracellular matrix mimetics and tunable chemical or physical performance, hydrogels are promising platforms for building immunomodulatory microenvironments for realizing cancer therapy and tissue regeneration. However, submicron or nanosized pore structures within hydrogels are not favorable for modulating immune cell function, such as cell invasion, migration, and immunophenotype. In contrast, hydrogels with a porous structure not only allow for nutrient transportation and metabolite discharge but also offer more space for realizing cell function. In this review, the design strategies and influencing factors of porous hydrogels for cancer therapy and tissue regeneration are first discussed. Second, the immunomodulatory effects and therapeutic outcomes of different porous hydrogels for cancer immunotherapy and tissue regeneration are highlighted. Beyond that, this review highlights the effects of pore size on immune function and potential signal transduction. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives of immunomodulatory porous hydrogels are discussed.
摘要：
癌症免疫疗法依赖于免疫系统可用于防御恶性细胞的洞察力。癌症免疫疗法的目的是利用,调制,激活,并训练免疫系统增强抗肿瘤T细胞免疫力。并行,免疫系统对受损组织的反应对于决定植入物的成功或失败也至关重要。由于其细胞外基质模拟物和可调的化学或物理性能，水凝胶是构建免疫调节微环境以实现癌症治疗和组织再生的有前途的平台。然而,水凝胶内的亚微米或纳米孔结构不利于调节免疫细胞功能，如细胞入侵，迁移,和免疫表型。相比之下,具有多孔结构的水凝胶不仅允许营养物质的运输和代谢产物的排出，而且为实现细胞功能提供了更大的空间。在这次审查中,首先讨论了用于癌症治疗和组织再生的多孔水凝胶的设计策略和影响因素。第二,重点介绍了不同多孔水凝胶用于癌症免疫治疗和组织再生的免疫调节作用和治疗结果.除此之外，本文综述了毛孔大小对免疫功能和潜在信号传导的影响。最后,讨论了免疫调节多孔水凝胶的剩余挑战和前景。
