PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The global incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is on the rise, fueled by factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyles, socio-economic factors, and ethnic backgrounds. T2D is a multifaceted condition often associated with various health complications, including adverse effects on bone health. This study aims to assess key biomarkers linked to bone health and remodeling-Osteoprotegerin (OPG), Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-Β Ligand (RANKL), and Glycoprotein Non-Metastatic Melanoma Protein B (GPNMB)-among individuals with diabetes while exploring the impact of ethnicity on these biomarkers. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a cohort of 2083 individuals from diverse ethnic backgrounds residing in Kuwait. The results indicate significantly elevated levels of these markers in individuals with T2D compared to non-diabetic counterparts, with OPG at 826.47 (405.8) pg/mL, RANKL at 9.25 (17.3) pg/mL, and GPNMB at 21.44 (7) ng/mL versus 653.75 (231.7) pg/mL, 0.21 (9.94) pg/mL, and 18.65 (5) ng/mL in non-diabetic individuals, respectively. Notably, this elevation was consistent across Arab and Asian populations, except for lower levels of RANKL observed in Arabs with T2D. Furthermore, a positive and significant correlation between OPG and GPNMB was observed regardless of ethnicity or diabetes status, with the strongest correlation (r = 0.473, p < 0.001) found among Arab individuals with T2D. Similarly, a positive and significant correlation between GPNMB and RANKL was noted among Asian individuals with T2D (r = 0.401, p = 0.001). Interestingly, a significant inverse correlation was detected between OPG and RANKL in non-diabetic Arab individuals. These findings highlight dysregulation in bone remodeling markers among individuals with T2D and emphasize the importance of considering ethnic variations in T2D-related complications. The performance of further studies is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop interventions based on ethnicity for personalized treatment approaches.
摘要：
2型糖尿病（T2D）的全球发病率正在上升，受肥胖等因素的推动，久坐的生活方式，社会经济因素,和种族背景。T2D是一种多方面的疾病，通常与各种健康并发症有关，包括对骨骼健康的不利影响。这项研究旨在评估与骨骼健康和重塑相关的关键生物标志物-骨保护素（OPG），核因子κ-Β配体（RANKL）的受体激活剂，和糖蛋白非转移性黑色素瘤蛋白B（GPNMB）-在糖尿病患者中，同时探索种族对这些生物标志物的影响。对居住在科威特的2083名来自不同种族背景的人进行了横断面分析。结果表明，与非糖尿病患者相比，T2D患者的这些标志物水平显着升高。OPG为826.47（405.8）pg/mL，RANKL为9.25(17.3)pg/mL,和GPNMB在21.44（7）ng/mL与653.75（231.7）pg/mL，0.21(9.94)pg/mL,非糖尿病个体和18.65（5）ng/mL，分别。值得注意的是,这种上升在阿拉伯和亚洲人口中是一致的，除了在T2D阿拉伯人中观察到较低水平的RANKL。此外，无论种族或糖尿病状况如何，OPG和GPNMB之间均呈正相关，在患有T2D的阿拉伯个体中发现最强的相关性(r=0.473，p<0.001)。同样，在患有T2D的亚洲个体中,GPNMB与RANKL呈正相关(r=0.401,p=0.001).有趣的是,在非糖尿病阿拉伯个体中,OPG和RANKL之间检测到显著的负相关.这些发现强调了T2D患者骨重塑标志物的失调，并强调了在T2D相关并发症中考虑种族差异的重要性。有必要进行进一步的研究，以了解潜在的机制，并根据种族制定个性化治疗方法的干预措施。
