PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endocannabinoid-like bioactive lipid mediator belonging to the family of N-acylethanolamines, most abundantly found in peanuts and egg yolk. When the gastrointestinal (GI) effects of PEA are discussed, it must be pointed out that it affects intestinal motility but also modulates gut microbiota. This is due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory features. Additionally, PEA has shown beneficial effects in several GI diseases, particularly irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, as various studies have shown, and it is important to emphasize its relative lack of toxicity, even at high dosages. Unfortunately, there is not enough endogenous PEA to treat disturbed gut homeostasis, even though it is produced in the GI tract in response to inflammatory stimuli, so exogenous intake is mandatory to achieve homeostasis. Intake of PEA could be through animal and/or vegetable food, but bearing in mind that a high dosage is needed to achieve a therapeutic effect, it must be compensated through dietary supplements. There are still open questions pending to be answered, so further studies investigating PEA\'s effects and mechanisms of action, especially in humans, are crucial to implementing PEA in everyday clinical practice.
摘要：
棕榈酰乙醇胺（PEA）是一种内源性大麻素样生物活性脂质介质，属于N-酰基乙醇胺家族，富含花生和蛋黄。当讨论PEA的胃肠道(GI)效应时，必须指出，它影响肠道运动，但也调节肠道微生物群。这是由于抗炎，抗氧化剂，镇痛药,抗菌，和免疫调节功能。此外,PEA在几种胃肠道疾病中显示出有益的作用，特别是肠易激综合征和炎症性肠病，正如各种研究表明的那样，重要的是要强调它相对缺乏毒性，即使在高剂量。不幸的是,没有足够的内源性PEA来治疗肠道稳态紊乱，即使它是在胃肠道中产生的，所以外源性摄入是实现体内平衡的强制性要求。摄入PEA可以通过动物和/或蔬菜食品，但是记住要达到治疗效果需要高剂量，它必须通过膳食补充剂来补偿。仍有悬而未决的问题有待回答，所以进一步研究研究PEA的作用和作用机制，尤其是在人类中，对于在日常临床实践中实施PEA至关重要。
