PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Brain injury resulting from adverse events during pregnancy and delivery is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and disability. Surviving neonates often suffer long-term motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments. Birth asphyxia is among the most common causes of neonatal encephalopathy. The integration of ultrasound, including Doppler ultrasound, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a promising approach to understanding the pathology and diagnosis of encephalopathy in this special patient population. Ultrasound diagnosis can be very helpful for the assessment of structural abnormalities associated with neonatal encephalopathy such as alterations in brain structures (intraventricular hemorrhage, infarcts, hydrocephalus, white matter injury) and evaluation of morphologic changes. Doppler sonography is the most valuable method as it provides information about blood flow patterns and outcome prediction. NIRS provides valuable insight into the functional aspects of brain activity by measuring tissue oxygenation and blood flow. The combination of ultrasonography and NIRS may produce complementary information on structural and functional aspects of the brain. This review summarizes the current state of research, discusses advantages and limitations, and explores future directions to improve applicability and efficacy.
摘要：
妊娠和分娩期间的不良事件导致的脑损伤是新生儿发病和残疾的主要原因。幸存的新生儿经常遭受长期运动，感官,和认知障碍。出生窒息是新生儿脑病的最常见原因之一。超声波的整合，包括多普勒超声,和近红外光谱（NIRS）提供了一种有希望的方法来了解这种特殊患者人群中脑病的病理和诊断。超声诊断对于评估与新生儿脑病相关的结构异常非常有帮助，例如脑结构的改变（脑室内出血，梗塞,脑积水,白质损伤）和形态学变化的评估。多普勒超声检查是最有价值的方法，因为它提供了有关血流模式和结果预测的信息。NIRS通过测量组织氧合和血流量，为大脑活动的功能方面提供了宝贵的见解。超声和NIRS的组合可以产生有关大脑结构和功能方面的补充信息。这篇综述总结了研究的现状，讨论优点和局限性，并探讨了提高适用性和有效性的未来方向。
