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Abstract：
Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T (CAR T) cell therapy has developed rapidly in recent years, leading to profound developments in oncology, especially for hematologic malignancies. However, given the pressure of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, antigen escape, and diverse other factors, its application in solid tumors is less developed. Urinary system tumors are relatively common, accounting for approximately 24% of all new cancers in the United States. CAR T cells have great potential for urinary system tumors. This review summarizes the latest developments of CAR T cell therapy in urinary system tumors, including kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer, and also outlines the various CAR T cell generations and their pathways and targets that have been developed thus far. Finally, the current advantages, problems, and side effects of CAR T cell therapy are discussed in depth, and potential future developments are proposed in view of current shortcomings.
摘要：
嵌合抗原受体工程化T细胞治疗近年来发展迅速,导致肿瘤学的深刻发展，尤其是血液系统恶性肿瘤。然而,鉴于免疫抑制肿瘤微环境的压力，抗原逃逸,和不同的其他因素，其在实体瘤中的应用较少。泌尿系统肿瘤比较常见,约占美国所有新癌症的24%。CAR-T细胞在泌尿系统肿瘤中具有巨大的潜力。本文综述了CAR-T细胞治疗泌尿系统肿瘤的最新进展。包括肾癌,膀胱癌,前列腺癌，并概述了迄今为止已经开发的各种CAR-T细胞世代及其途径和靶标。最后,目前的优势，问题,对CART细胞疗法的副作用进行了深入的讨论，并针对目前的不足提出了未来的潜在发展。
