Abstract：
As medicine and food homology substance, goji berry is consumed worldwide in the form of fresh, dried and juice; however, pesticide residues have become one of the problems that essentially threaten its quality during cultivation and processing. In this study, a total of 75 dried goji berries were sampled from markets across China, and for the determination of 62 analytes, 28 pesticides were identified. Nine pesticides with high detectable rates and residual levels were selected for folia spraying, and their half-lives were found to range from 1.04 to 2.21 d. The processing factors (PFs) of juice were between 0.25 and 1.02, and this was mainly related with their octanol-water partition coefficient (logKow values). Washing could reduce pesticides residues to varying degrees with the removal rates between 17.00% and 74.05%. Sun drying with higher PF values in the range of 0.61-5.91 exhibited more obvious enrichment effect compared to oven drying. Commercial goji berry had cumulative chronic dietary risks with the hazard index (HI) values of 1.61%-4.97%. Its acute risk quotients (HQas) for consumers were 543.32%-585.92% and were mainly due to insecticides. These results provide important references for rationalizing pesticide application during goji berry cultivation and for the improvement of process to ensure food safety.
摘要：
作为药物和食品的同源物质，枸杞以新鲜的形式在世界范围内消费，干和果汁；然而，农药残留已成为主要威胁其在种植和加工过程中质量的问题之一。在这项研究中,总共从中国各地的市场抽取了75个干枸杞，用于测定62种分析物，已鉴定出28种农药。选择了9种检测率和残留水平较高的农药进行叶草喷施,发现它们的半衰期为1.04至2.21d。果汁的加工因子（PFs）在0.25至1.02之间，这主要与其辛醇-水分配系数（logKow值）有关。洗涤可以不同程度地减少农药残留，去除率在17.00%至74.05%之间。PF值在0.61-5.91范围内较高的太阳干燥比烘箱干燥表现出更明显的富集效果。商业枸杞具有累积慢性饮食风险，危害指数（HI）值为1.61％-4.97％。其对消费者的急性风险商（HQas）为543.32％-585.92％，主要归因于杀虫剂。研究结果为枸杞栽培过程中合理施用农药和改进工艺以保证食品安全提供了重要参考。
