Abstract：
Calcium (Ca2+) signalling acts a pleiotropic message within the cell that is decoded by the mitochondria through a sophisticated ion channel known as the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter (MCU) complex. Under physiological conditions, mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling is crucial for coordinating cell activation with energy production. Conversely, in pathological scenarios, it can determine the fine balance between cell survival and death. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular bases of mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling. This began with the elucidation of the MCU channel components and extended to the elucidation of the mechanisms that regulate its activity. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests molecular mechanisms allowing tissue-specific modulation of the MCU complex, tailoring channel activity to the specific needs of different tissues or cell types. This review aims to explore the latest evidence elucidating the regulation of the MCU complex, the molecular factors controlling the tissue-specific properties of the channel, and the physiological and pathological implications of mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling in different tissues.
摘要：
钙（Ca2）信号在细胞内充当多效性信息，由线粒体通过称为线粒体Ca2Uniorter（MCU）复合物的复杂离子通道解码。在生理条件下,线粒体Ca2+信号传导对于协调细胞活化与能量产生至关重要。相反，在病理场景中，它可以决定细胞存活和死亡之间的平衡。在过去的十年里，在了解线粒体Ca2信号传导的分子基础方面取得了重大进展。这始于对MCU通道组件的阐明，并扩展到对调节其活动的机制的阐明。此外,越来越多的证据表明，分子机制允许对MCU复合物进行组织特异性调制，根据不同组织或细胞类型的特定需要调整通道活性。这篇综述旨在探索阐明单片机复合体调控的最新证据，控制通道的组织特异性特性的分子因素，以及线粒体Ca2+信号在不同组织中的生理和病理意义。
