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Abstract：
To evaluate differences in the morphology of the frontal sinus in adolescents and adults with different craniofacial patterns, searches up to April 2024 were conducted in six databases and other information sources to identify observational studies. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment using the NOS scale were performed independently by two reviewers. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the difference in frontal sinus measurements between different craniofacial skeletal patterns (α = 0.05). The certainty of the evidence was evaluated according to GRADE. Fourteen studies were included in the review. All studies had methodological limitations that affected their quality. The syntheses showed that skeletal Class II subjects presented a significantly smaller width of the frontal sinus than skeletal Class I subjects (MD = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.74; p < 0.0001; I2 = 3%). Skeletal Class III subjects showed a frontal sinus width (MD = -0.91; 95% CI: -1.35, -0.47; p < 0.0001; I2 = 36%) and area (MD = -28.13; 95% CI: -49.03, -7.23; p = 0.0084; I2 = 66%) significantly larger than those of the skeletal Class I subjects. The available evidence suggests a positive relationship between mandibular and frontal sinus size. There is limited evidence to make reliable estimates of the association of other craniofacial patterns and frontal sinus characteristics. These reported results are not conclusive and should be evaluated carefully due to the very low certainty of the evidence. The current evidence is scarce and consists of studies with methodological limitations; the results of the studies are often inconsistent, and the pooled estimates are imprecise. New high-quality research is still necessary.
摘要：
评价不同颅面形态的青少年和成人额窦形态的差异,截至2024年4月,我们在6个数据库和其他信息来源中进行了搜索,以确定观察性研究.研究选择，数据提取,和使用NOS量表的质量评估由两名审阅者独立进行。进行了随机效应荟萃分析，以评估不同颅面骨骼模式之间额窦测量值的差异（α=0.05）。按GRADE评定证据的确定性。14项研究纳入审查。所有研究都有影响其质量的方法学局限性。综合显示，骨骼II类受试者的额窦宽度明显小于骨骼I类受试者（MD=0.56；95％CI：0.38，0.74；p<0.0001；I2=3％）。III类骨骼受试者的额窦宽度（MD=-0.91；95％CI：-1.35，-0.47；p<0.0001；I2=36％）和面积（MD=-28.13；95％CI：-49.03，-7.23；p=0.0084；I2=66％）明显大于I类骨骼受试者。现有证据表明下颌和额窦大小之间存在正相关关系。对其他颅面模式和额窦特征的关联进行可靠估计的证据有限。这些报告的结果不是结论性的，由于证据的确定性非常低，应仔细评估。目前的证据是稀缺的，由研究方法的局限性;研究的结果往往是不一致的，合并的估计是不精确的。新的高质量研究仍然是必要的。
