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Abstract：
Infectious diseases represent one of the most common causes of hospital admission worldwide. The diagnostic work-up requires a complex clinical approach, including laboratory data, CT and MRI, other imaging tools, and microbiologic cultures. PET/CT with 18F-FDG can support the clinical diagnosis, allowing visualization of increased glucose metabolism in activated macrophages and monocytes; this tracer presents limits in differentiating between aseptic inflammation and infection. Novel PET radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to overcome these limits; 11C/18F-labeled bacterial agents, several 68Ga-labeled molecules, and white blood cells labeled with 18F-FDG are emerging PET tracers under study, showing interesting preliminary results. The best choice among these tracers can be unclear. This overview aims to discuss the most common diagnostic applications of 18F-FDG PET/CT in infectious diseases and, as a counterpoint, to describe and debate the advantages and peculiarities of the latest PET radiopharmaceuticals in the field of infectious diseases, which will probably improve the diagnosis and prognostic stratification of patients with active infectious diseases.
摘要：
传染病是全球住院的最常见原因之一。诊断工作需要复杂的临床方法，包括实验室数据,CT和MRI,其他成像工具，和微生物培养。18F-FDGPET/CT可支持临床诊断,允许在激活的巨噬细胞和单核细胞中葡萄糖代谢增加的可视化;这种示踪剂在区分无菌性炎症和感染方面存在局限性。已经开发了新型PET放射性药物来克服这些限制；11C/18F标记的细菌剂，几个68Ga标记的分子，用18F-FDG标记的白细胞是正在研究的新兴PET示踪剂，显示有趣的初步结果。这些示踪剂中的最佳选择可能不清楚。本综述旨在讨论18F-FDGPET/CT在感染性疾病中最常见的诊断应用,作为对立面,描述和辩论最新的PET放射性药物在传染病领域的优势和特点，这可能会改善活动性传染病患者的诊断和预后分层。
