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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The episodic nature of gout and diagnostic uncertainty in the absence of microcrystal evidence make it particularly difficult to estimate the frequency of gout. Our aim was to review the literature on the epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of gout in sub-Saharan Africa.
METHODS: This literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE database (via PUBMED), Google Scholar, and conference abstracts. The selection process was based on reading the titles first, then the abstracts, and then the full texts once the articles had been selected. Studies were included in this review if they presented original findings on the epidemiological and/or diagnostic aspects of gout in sub-Saharan Africa. Two groups of two investigators independently reviewed the studies. The results were analysed descriptively.
RESULTS: The literature search identified 131 articles and 22 conference abstracts. Nineteen articles were included in our review. Twelve studies were retrospective, five were cross-sectional, one was prospective, and one was both retrospective and cross-sectional. The duration of the studies ranged from 1 to 15 years, and the sample size ranged from 15 to 511 patients, for a total of 2557 patients. Gout was quite common, with a maximum frequency of 11.87%. Fourteen articles diagnosed gout via criteria, including 9 studies totaling 1174 patients via the 1977 ACR criteria. Gout tophi were reported in 15 articles involving 464 patients. Of these studies, seven looked for monosodium urate crystals in 317 (43.85%) of 723 patients. Among the 317 patients, monosodium urate crystals were detected in 263 (82.97%) patients. Eleven studies reported mean uricemia values ranging from 452.09 µmol/L to 642.44 µmol/L, with a mean of 510.63 µmol/L.
CONCLUSIONS: This review revealed that all the studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa were intrahospital studies, and the majority were retrospective. Consequently, there is a clear need for population-based studies.
METHODS: This literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE database (via PUBMED), Google Scholar, and conference abstracts. The selection process was based on reading the titles first, then the abstracts, and then the full texts once the articles had been selected. Studies were included in this review if they presented original findings on the epidemiological and/or diagnostic aspects of gout in sub-Saharan Africa. Two groups of two investigators independently reviewed the studies. The results were analysed descriptively.
RESULTS: The literature search identified 131 articles and 22 conference abstracts. Nineteen articles were included in our review. Twelve studies were retrospective, five were cross-sectional, one was prospective, and one was both retrospective and cross-sectional. The duration of the studies ranged from 1 to 15 years, and the sample size ranged from 15 to 511 patients, for a total of 2557 patients. Gout was quite common, with a maximum frequency of 11.87%. Fourteen articles diagnosed gout via criteria, including 9 studies totaling 1174 patients via the 1977 ACR criteria. Gout tophi were reported in 15 articles involving 464 patients. Of these studies, seven looked for monosodium urate crystals in 317 (43.85%) of 723 patients. Among the 317 patients, monosodium urate crystals were detected in 263 (82.97%) patients. Eleven studies reported mean uricemia values ranging from 452.09 µmol/L to 642.44 µmol/L, with a mean of 510.63 µmol/L.
CONCLUSIONS: This review revealed that all the studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa were intrahospital studies, and the majority were retrospective. Consequently, there is a clear need for population-based studies.
摘要：
背景：痛风的发作性和缺乏微晶证据的诊断不确定性使估计痛风的频率特别困难。我们的目的是回顾撒哈拉以南非洲痛风的流行病学和诊断方面的文献。
方法：本文献综述使用MEDLINE数据库（通过PUBMED）进行，谷歌学者，和会议摘要。选择过程是基于首先阅读标题，然后是摘要，然后是全文，一旦文章被选中。如果研究提供了撒哈拉以南非洲痛风的流行病学和/或诊断方面的原始发现，则将其纳入本综述。两组两名研究者独立回顾了研究。对结果进行了描述性分析。
结果：文献检索确定了131篇文章和22篇会议摘要。我们的评论中包含了19篇文章。12项研究是回顾性的，五个是横截面，一个是前瞻性的，一个是回顾性和横断面。研究的持续时间从1到15年不等，样本量从15到511名患者，共2557名患者。痛风很常见,最大频率为11.87%。通过标准诊断痛风的14篇文章，包括9项研究，根据1977年ACR标准，共1174名患者。15篇文献报道痛风石，涉及464例患者。在这些研究中,在723例患者中，有7例患者在317例（43.85％）中寻找了尿酸单钠晶体。在317名患者中，263例（82.97％）患者中检测到尿酸单钠晶体。11项研究报告平均尿酸血症值范围为452.09µmol/L至642.44µmol/L，平均值为510.63µmol/L。
结论：这篇综述显示，在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的所有研究都是医院内研究，大多数是回顾性的。因此,显然需要进行基于人群的研究。
方法：本文献综述使用MEDLINE数据库（通过PUBMED）进行，谷歌学者，和会议摘要。选择过程是基于首先阅读标题，然后是摘要，然后是全文，一旦文章被选中。如果研究提供了撒哈拉以南非洲痛风的流行病学和/或诊断方面的原始发现，则将其纳入本综述。两组两名研究者独立回顾了研究。对结果进行了描述性分析。
结果：文献检索确定了131篇文章和22篇会议摘要。我们的评论中包含了19篇文章。12项研究是回顾性的，五个是横截面，一个是前瞻性的，一个是回顾性和横断面。研究的持续时间从1到15年不等，样本量从15到511名患者，共2557名患者。痛风很常见,最大频率为11.87%。通过标准诊断痛风的14篇文章，包括9项研究，根据1977年ACR标准，共1174名患者。15篇文献报道痛风石，涉及464例患者。在这些研究中,在723例患者中，有7例患者在317例（43.85％）中寻找了尿酸单钠晶体。在317名患者中，263例（82.97％）患者中检测到尿酸单钠晶体。11项研究报告平均尿酸血症值范围为452.09µmol/L至642.44µmol/L，平均值为510.63µmol/L。
结论：这篇综述显示，在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的所有研究都是医院内研究，大多数是回顾性的。因此,显然需要进行基于人群的研究。
