Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of social jetlag (SJL) in Chinese adolescents, as well as to test the relationships between SJL and mental health problems.
METHODS: A total of 106979 students (Mage = 13.0 ± 1.8 years; Nmale = 58296 [54.5 %]) from Shenzhen, China completed an online survey from May 24th to June 5th, 2022. Information on sociodemographics, lifestyles, sleep characteristics, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate and binary logistic regression were adopted for data analysis.
RESULTS: 17.8 % of participants experienced SJL ≥ 2 h. To adjust the accumulated sleep debt, sleep-corrected SJL (SJLsc) was calculated and 8.3 % of individuals self-reported SJLsc ≥ 2 h. Both SJL and SJLsc show an increasing trend with age. Risk factors of SJL included females, poor parental marital status, being overweight, physically inactive, smoking, drinking, and having a late chronotype. Moreover, males, having siblings, boarding at school, short sleep duration, experiencing insomnia, and frequent nightmares were significantly associated with an increased risk of SJLsc. After adjusting for all covariates, adolescents with SJLsc ≥ 2 h were more likely to have anxiety symptoms (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.24-1.48) and depressive symptoms (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.46) than those with SJLsc < 1 h.
CONCLUSIONS: SJL is common among Chinese school-age adolescents. This study is valuable for the development of prevention and intervention strategies for SJL in adolescents at the population level. Additionally, the strong links between SJLsc and emotional problems underscore the critical significance of addressing SJL as a key aspect of adolescent well-being.
METHODS: A total of 106979 students (Mage = 13.0 ± 1.8 years; Nmale = 58296 [54.5 %]) from Shenzhen, China completed an online survey from May 24th to June 5th, 2022. Information on sociodemographics, lifestyles, sleep characteristics, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate and binary logistic regression were adopted for data analysis.
RESULTS: 17.8 % of participants experienced SJL ≥ 2 h. To adjust the accumulated sleep debt, sleep-corrected SJL (SJLsc) was calculated and 8.3 % of individuals self-reported SJLsc ≥ 2 h. Both SJL and SJLsc show an increasing trend with age. Risk factors of SJL included females, poor parental marital status, being overweight, physically inactive, smoking, drinking, and having a late chronotype. Moreover, males, having siblings, boarding at school, short sleep duration, experiencing insomnia, and frequent nightmares were significantly associated with an increased risk of SJLsc. After adjusting for all covariates, adolescents with SJLsc ≥ 2 h were more likely to have anxiety symptoms (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.24-1.48) and depressive symptoms (OR: 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.46) than those with SJLsc < 1 h.
CONCLUSIONS: SJL is common among Chinese school-age adolescents. This study is valuable for the development of prevention and intervention strategies for SJL in adolescents at the population level. Additionally, the strong links between SJLsc and emotional problems underscore the critical significance of addressing SJL as a key aspect of adolescent well-being.
摘要：
背景：这项横断面研究旨在研究中国青少年社会时差（SJL）的患病率和相关性，以及测试SJL与心理健康问题之间的关系。
方法：来自深圳的106979名学生（Mage=13.0±1.8岁；Nmale=58296[54.5％]），中国于5月24日至6月5日完成了一项在线调查，2022年。关于社会人口统计学的信息，生活方式,睡眠特征，焦虑症状,和抑郁症状通过自我管理问卷收集。采用多因素和二元logistic回归进行数据分析。
结果：17.8％的参与者经历了SJL≥2h。为了调整累积的睡眠债务，计算睡眠校正SJL（SJLsc），8.3％的个体自我报告SJLsc≥2h。SJL和SJLsc均显示出随着年龄增长的趋势。SJL的危险因素包括女性，父母婚姻状况不佳,超重，身体不活跃，吸烟,饮酒,并且有一个较晚的时间类型。此外，男性,有兄弟姐妹，在学校寄宿，睡眠时间短,正在经历失眠,频繁的噩梦与SJLsc的风险增加显著相关。在调整所有协变量后，SJLsc≥2h的青少年比SJLsc<1h的青少年更容易出现焦虑症状(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.24-1.48)和抑郁症状(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.25-1.46)。
结论：SJL在中国学龄儿童中很常见。这项研究对于在人群水平上制定青少年SJL的预防和干预策略具有重要意义。此外,SJLsc与情绪问题之间的紧密联系强调了将SJL作为青少年幸福感的关键方面的重要意义。
方法：来自深圳的106979名学生（Mage=13.0±1.8岁；Nmale=58296[54.5％]），中国于5月24日至6月5日完成了一项在线调查，2022年。关于社会人口统计学的信息，生活方式,睡眠特征，焦虑症状,和抑郁症状通过自我管理问卷收集。采用多因素和二元logistic回归进行数据分析。
结果：17.8％的参与者经历了SJL≥2h。为了调整累积的睡眠债务，计算睡眠校正SJL（SJLsc），8.3％的个体自我报告SJLsc≥2h。SJL和SJLsc均显示出随着年龄增长的趋势。SJL的危险因素包括女性，父母婚姻状况不佳,超重，身体不活跃，吸烟,饮酒,并且有一个较晚的时间类型。此外，男性,有兄弟姐妹，在学校寄宿，睡眠时间短,正在经历失眠,频繁的噩梦与SJLsc的风险增加显著相关。在调整所有协变量后，SJLsc≥2h的青少年比SJLsc<1h的青少年更容易出现焦虑症状(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.24-1.48)和抑郁症状(OR:1.35,95%CI:1.25-1.46)。
结论：SJL在中国学龄儿童中很常见。这项研究对于在人群水平上制定青少年SJL的预防和干预策略具有重要意义。此外,SJLsc与情绪问题之间的紧密联系强调了将SJL作为青少年幸福感的关键方面的重要意义。
