Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: the os trigonum is a supernumerary bone that may lead to posterior ankle impingement syndrome. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of this bone.
METHODS: A meta-analysis regarding the presence of the os trigonum was performed. For this, the MEDLINE and SciElo databases were searched using \"os trigonum\" as the keyword. Only original articles, theses, books, dissertations, and monographs were included. Papers with a sample size of < 50 individuals were excluded. The data extracted from the articles were: the total sample size, the prevalence of the trigonum, the method of analysis, the region of the sample, and data regarding sex and side (left or right). Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc Statistical Software version 14.8.1 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium). The heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using the I² estimation and the Cochran Q test. For all analyses, a random effect was used and a value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: 249 papers were found, while 18 were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 17,626 ankles were included. The pooled prevalence of the os trigonum was 10.3% (95% CI 7-14.1%) in the present study. There was no significant difference regarding sex or side, while studies conducted in imaging exams showed a higher prevalence in comparison to cadaveric studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the os trigonum is relatively common. Knowledge of the prevalence of the os trigonum may help surgeons and clinicians diagnose posterior ankle impingement syndrome.
METHODS: A meta-analysis regarding the presence of the os trigonum was performed. For this, the MEDLINE and SciElo databases were searched using \"os trigonum\" as the keyword. Only original articles, theses, books, dissertations, and monographs were included. Papers with a sample size of < 50 individuals were excluded. The data extracted from the articles were: the total sample size, the prevalence of the trigonum, the method of analysis, the region of the sample, and data regarding sex and side (left or right). Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc Statistical Software version 14.8.1 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium). The heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using the I² estimation and the Cochran Q test. For all analyses, a random effect was used and a value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: 249 papers were found, while 18 were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 17,626 ankles were included. The pooled prevalence of the os trigonum was 10.3% (95% CI 7-14.1%) in the present study. There was no significant difference regarding sex or side, while studies conducted in imaging exams showed a higher prevalence in comparison to cadaveric studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the os trigonum is relatively common. Knowledge of the prevalence of the os trigonum may help surgeons and clinicians diagnose posterior ankle impingement syndrome.
摘要：
目的：三角骨是多余的骨，可能导致后踝关节撞击综合征。本研究旨在评估这种骨骼的患病率。
方法：对是否存在三角蛋白进行了荟萃分析。为此，使用“ostrigonum”作为关键字搜索MEDLINE和SciElo数据库。只有原创文章，theses,书籍,论文,包括专著。样本大小<50个人的论文被排除在外。从文章中提取的数据是：总样本量，三角的流行，分析方法，样本的区域，以及有关性别和侧面（左侧或右侧）的数据。使用MedCalc统计软件14.8.1版（MedCalc软件bvba，奥斯坦德,比利时)。使用I²估计和CochranQ检验评估研究之间的异质性。对于所有分析，使用随机效应,p<0.05的值被认为是显著的.
结果：共发现249篇论文，而18人被纳入荟萃分析。总共包括17,626个脚踝。在本研究中，三角组织的合并患病率为10.3％（95％CI7-14.1％）。性别或侧面没有显着差异，而在影像学检查中进行的研究显示，与尸体研究相比，患病率更高。
结论：我们的结果表明，三角骨相对常见。了解三角肌的患病率可能有助于外科医生和临床医生诊断后踝关节撞击综合征。
方法：对是否存在三角蛋白进行了荟萃分析。为此，使用“ostrigonum”作为关键字搜索MEDLINE和SciElo数据库。只有原创文章，theses,书籍,论文,包括专著。样本大小<50个人的论文被排除在外。从文章中提取的数据是：总样本量，三角的流行，分析方法，样本的区域，以及有关性别和侧面（左侧或右侧）的数据。使用MedCalc统计软件14.8.1版（MedCalc软件bvba，奥斯坦德,比利时)。使用I²估计和CochranQ检验评估研究之间的异质性。对于所有分析，使用随机效应,p<0.05的值被认为是显著的.
结果：共发现249篇论文，而18人被纳入荟萃分析。总共包括17,626个脚踝。在本研究中，三角组织的合并患病率为10.3％（95％CI7-14.1％）。性别或侧面没有显着差异，而在影像学检查中进行的研究显示，与尸体研究相比，患病率更高。
结论：我们的结果表明，三角骨相对常见。了解三角肌的患病率可能有助于外科医生和临床医生诊断后踝关节撞击综合征。
