Abstract：
Peak alpha frequency (PAF), the dominant oscillatory frequency within the alpha range (8-12 Hz), is associated with cognitive function and several neurological conditions, including chronic pain. Manipulating PAF could offer valuable insight into the relationship between PAF and various functions and conditions, potentially providing new treatment avenues. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively synthesise effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on PAF speed. Relevant studies assessing PAF pre- and post-NIBS in healthy adults were identified through systematic searches of electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus, The Cochrane Library) and trial registers. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was employed for assessing study quality. Quantitative analysis was conducted through pairwise meta-analysis when possible; otherwise, qualitative synthesis was performed. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020190512) and the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/2yaxz/). Eleven NIBS studies were included, all with a low risk-of-bias, comprising seven transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), three repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and one transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) study. Meta-analysis of active tACS conditions (eight conditions from five studies) revealed no significant effects on PAF (mean difference [MD] = -0.12, 95% CI = -0.32 to 0.08, p = 0.24). Qualitative synthesis provided no evidence that tDCS altered PAF and moderate evidence for transient increases in PAF with 10 Hz rTMS. However, it is crucial to note that small sample sizes were used, there was substantial variation in stimulation protocols, and most studies did not specifically target PAF alteration. Further studies are needed to determine NIBS\'s potential for modulating PAF.
摘要：
峰值α频率(PAF),α范围内的主要振荡频率（8-12Hz），与认知功能和一些神经系统疾病有关，包括慢性疼痛。操纵PAF可以为PAF与各种功能和条件之间的关系提供有价值的见解，可能提供新的治疗途径。本系统综述旨在综合非侵入性脑刺激（NIBS）对PAF速度的影响。通过系统搜索电子数据库（Embase，PubMed,心理信息,Scopus,Cochrane图书馆）和试用登记册。Cochrane偏倚风险工具用于评估研究质量。在可能的情况下，通过成对荟萃分析进行定量分析；否则，进行定性合成。审查协议已在PROSPERO（CRD42020190512）和开放科学框架（https://osf.io/2yaxz/）注册。纳入了11项NIBS研究，所有这些都具有低偏见风险，包括七个经颅交流电刺激（TACS），三次重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS），和一项经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）研究。主动tACS条件（5项研究中的8项条件）的荟萃分析显示对PAF没有显着影响（平均差异[MD]=-0.12，95％CI=-0.32至0.08，p=0.24）。定性合成没有提供tDCS改变PAF的证据，并且有10HzrTMS的PAF短暂增加的中等证据。然而,重要的是要注意使用了小样本量，刺激方案有很大差异，大多数研究没有特异性靶向PAF改变。需要进一步的研究来确定NIBS调节PAF的潜力。
