PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrates and are relevant worldwide due to the number of bacterial and other pathogens they can transmit. To date, the knowledge about the microorganisms that ticks harbor and transmit to their hosts is incipient. In this study, 24 samples of mammals belonging to four taxonomic orders and ticks of the genera Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus from the Orinoco region of Colombia were analyzed to described and compare the bacterial microbiome. Genetic extraction was performed, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR. Libraries were created, and those samples with adequate quality indices were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Bacterial taxonomic assignment analyses were conducted through Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). The results correspond to 16 samples that passed the quality filters, with 3218 OTUs (415 families). Although a considerable number of unknown bacteria was found, Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Burkholderiaceae are the most prevalent families, and the presence of the genera Coxiella, Escherichia-Shigella, Enterobacter, which can harbor pathogenic species was confirmed. In individuals of Amblyomma mixtum found actively feeding on Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, bacteria of the genera Escherichia-Shigella and Enterobacter were documented. Similarly, Rhipicephalus microplus found actively feeding on Odocoileus virginianus cariacou shared Escherichia-Shigella. Ralstonia was shared among the blood samples of H. hydrochaeris, while Anaplasma and Eubacterium were shared in blood and liver samples of O. v. cariacou. Shared bacteria between A. mixtum and R. microplus included Bacillus, Coxiella, and Escherichia-Shigella. The results highlight the need of additional studies in other natural regions of Colombia and other American countries where tick-borne diseases have been detected. Likewise, the recorded data are the first at the level of bacterial communities in ticks of the family Ixodidae and provide valuable knowledge for the understanding host-tick and pathogen interactions.
摘要：
蜱是脊椎动物的专性吸血体外寄生虫，并且由于它们可以传播的细菌和其他病原体的数量而在世界范围内具有相关性。迄今为止,关于滴答作响并传播给宿主的微生物的知识是初期的。在这项研究中,分析了来自哥伦比亚奥里诺科地区的24个哺乳动物样品，这些样品属于四个分类学类别的哺乳动物和蜱虫，以描述和比较细菌微生物组。进行了基因提取，并通过PCR扩增16SrRNA基因的V3-V4区。图书馆被创建，并使用IlluminaMiSeq技术对具有足够质量指标的样品进行测序。通过扩增子序列变体(ASV)和操作分类单元(OTU)进行细菌分类分配分析。结果对应于通过质量过滤器的16个样本，拥有3218个OTU（415个家庭）。尽管发现了相当数量的未知细菌，肠杆菌科,Beijerinckiaceae，Moraxellaceae,伯克氏科是最普遍的科，以及柯西氏菌属的存在，大肠杆菌志贺氏菌,肠杆菌,证实了可以携带病原体的物种。在发现以Hydrochoerushydrochaeris为食的Amblyommamixtum个体中，记录了大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌和肠杆菌的细菌。同样，发现微小的Rhipicephalus活跃地喂养了Odocoileusvirginianuscariacou共享的大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌。Ralstonia在H.hydrochaeris的血液样本中共享，而无性体和真杆菌在O.v.cariacou的血液和肝脏样本中共享。A.mixtum和R.microplus之间共享的细菌包括芽孢杆菌，柯西拉,和大肠杆菌志贺氏菌。结果突出表明，需要在哥伦比亚其他自然地区和其他发现蜱传疾病的美国国家进行更多研究。同样，记录的数据是Ixodidae家族蜱中细菌群落水平的第一个，为理解宿主-蜱和病原体相互作用提供了有价值的知识。
