Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of shoulder adhesive capsulitis (AC) signs on MR studies of patients with various common shoulder conditions.
METHODS: MR images of 316 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups: controls (66 patients), clinical AC (63 patients), and study group (187 patients). The final diagnosis of AC was reached clinically. The study group was composed of patients with focal and massive rotator cuff tears, active hydroxyapatite deposition disease, fractures around the shoulder, and post-surgery. The following AC signs were evaluated: inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) thickening; coracohumeral ligament (CHL) thickening; and hyperintensity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament, which was graded in four classes.
RESULTS: The IGHL signal intensity was statistically higher in patients with fractures than in controls (P = 0.008). There was no statistically significant difference in IGHL signal between the AC group and patients with massive rotator cuff tears and active hydroxyapatite deposition disease (P > 0.1). IGHL thickness in patients with fractures, massive rotator ruptures, and active hydroxyapatite deposition disease was significantly higher compared to controls (P < 0.02) and significantly lower compared to the AC group (P < 0.0001). Based on these findings, a grading system for fibro-inflammatory capsular changes is proposed.
CONCLUSIONS: MR AC signs are frequent in patients with shoulder conditions other than AC; however, in these patients, capsular changes are less prominent than in patients with clinical AC.
METHODS: MR images of 316 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups: controls (66 patients), clinical AC (63 patients), and study group (187 patients). The final diagnosis of AC was reached clinically. The study group was composed of patients with focal and massive rotator cuff tears, active hydroxyapatite deposition disease, fractures around the shoulder, and post-surgery. The following AC signs were evaluated: inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) thickening; coracohumeral ligament (CHL) thickening; and hyperintensity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament, which was graded in four classes.
RESULTS: The IGHL signal intensity was statistically higher in patients with fractures than in controls (P = 0.008). There was no statistically significant difference in IGHL signal between the AC group and patients with massive rotator cuff tears and active hydroxyapatite deposition disease (P > 0.1). IGHL thickness in patients with fractures, massive rotator ruptures, and active hydroxyapatite deposition disease was significantly higher compared to controls (P < 0.02) and significantly lower compared to the AC group (P < 0.0001). Based on these findings, a grading system for fibro-inflammatory capsular changes is proposed.
CONCLUSIONS: MR AC signs are frequent in patients with shoulder conditions other than AC; however, in these patients, capsular changes are less prominent than in patients with clinical AC.
摘要：
目的：评估肩关节粘连性囊炎（AC）征象在各种常见肩关节疾病患者的MR研究中的患病率。
方法：对316例患者的MR图像进行回顾性评估。患者分为三组：对照组（66例），临床AC（63例），研究组（187例）。临床上达到AC的最终诊断。研究组由患有局灶性和大量肩袖撕裂的患者组成，活性羟基磷灰石沉积病，肩部骨折,和手术后。评估了以下AC征象：下肱骨韧带（IGHL）增厚；喙肱骨韧带（CHL）增厚；下肱骨韧带强度过高，分为四个班。
结果：骨折患者的IGHL信号强度高于对照组（P=0.008）。AC组与大量肩袖撕裂和活动性羟基磷灰石沉积疾病患者之间的IGHL信号差异无统计学意义(P>0.1)。骨折患者的IGHL厚度，巨大的旋转器破裂，和活性羟基磷灰石沉积病显著高于对照组(P<0.02),显著低于AC组(P<0.0001)。基于这些发现,提出了一种纤维炎性包膜变化的分级系统。
结论：MRAC体征在除AC以外的肩关节疾病患者中常见；然而，在这些患者中，囊的变化不如临床AC患者明显。
方法：对316例患者的MR图像进行回顾性评估。患者分为三组：对照组（66例），临床AC（63例），研究组（187例）。临床上达到AC的最终诊断。研究组由患有局灶性和大量肩袖撕裂的患者组成，活性羟基磷灰石沉积病，肩部骨折,和手术后。评估了以下AC征象：下肱骨韧带（IGHL）增厚；喙肱骨韧带（CHL）增厚；下肱骨韧带强度过高，分为四个班。
结果：骨折患者的IGHL信号强度高于对照组（P=0.008）。AC组与大量肩袖撕裂和活动性羟基磷灰石沉积疾病患者之间的IGHL信号差异无统计学意义(P>0.1)。骨折患者的IGHL厚度，巨大的旋转器破裂，和活性羟基磷灰石沉积病显著高于对照组(P<0.02),显著低于AC组(P<0.0001)。基于这些发现,提出了一种纤维炎性包膜变化的分级系统。
结论：MRAC体征在除AC以外的肩关节疾病患者中常见；然而，在这些患者中，囊的变化不如临床AC患者明显。
