Abstract：
Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to describe how women academic department chairs in emergency medicine, surgery, and anesthesiology experience humor in the workplace. Method: Interviews were conducted with 35 women department chairs in academic medicine from 27 institutions that aimed to describe women\'s leadership emergence. The data from the primary study yielded rich and revealing themes involving participants\' experiences with humor in the context of their leadership roles, justifying a secondary analysis focusing specifically on these experiences. Relevant remarks were extracted, coded, and summarized. Results: Participants discussed two broad types of humor-related experiences. First, they described how they responded to aggressive gender-based humor directed at themselves or their colleagues by tolerating it or expressing disapproval. This humor includes demeaning quips, insulting monikers, sexist jokes, and derogatory stories. Participants often did not confront this humor directly as they feared being rejected or ostracized by colleagues. Second, they described how they initiated humor to address gender-related workplace issues by highlighting gender inequalities, coping with sexual harassment and assault, and managing gender-based leadership challenges. Participants felt constrained in their own use of humor because of the need to be taken seriously as women leaders. Conclusion: Women leaders in academic medicine use humor to confront gender-related issues and experience aggressive gender-based humor in the workplace. The constraints placed on women leaders discourage them from effectively confronting this aggressive gender-based humor and perpetuating gender inequities. Eliminating aggressive gender-based humor is needed to create safe and equitable work environments in academic medicine.
摘要：
目的：这项定性描述性研究的目的是描述女性学术部门如何主持急诊医学，手术,和麻醉学在工作场所体验幽默。方法：对来自27个机构的35名学术医学系主任进行了访谈，旨在描述女性领导力的出现。从初步研究的数据产生了丰富和揭示主题，涉及参与者的经验与幽默在他们的领导角色的背景下，证明专门针对这些经验的二次分析是合理的。提取了相关备注，编码,并总结。结果：参与者讨论了两种广泛类型的幽默相关经历。首先,他们描述了他们如何通过容忍或表达不赞成来回应针对自己或同事的基于性别的攻击性幽默。这种幽默包括贬低的讽刺，侮辱的绰号，性别歧视的笑话,和贬损的故事。参与者通常不会直接面对这种幽默，因为他们担心被同事拒绝或排斥。第二,他们描述了他们如何通过强调性别不平等来发起幽默来解决与性别相关的工作场所问题，应对性骚扰和性侵犯，管理基于性别的领导挑战。由于需要认真对待女性领导人，参与者感到自己使用幽默受到限制。结论：学术医学中的女性领导者使用幽默来面对与性别相关的问题，并在工作场所体验积极的基于性别的幽默。对女性领导人的限制使她们无法有效面对这种基于性别的侵略性幽默和长期存在的性别不平等。为了在学术医学中创造安全，公平的工作环境，需要消除基于性别的攻击性幽默。
