Abstract：
Global interest in mushroom farming techniques has grown in the last few years. Despite not making up a large amount of the human diet at the moment, the nutritional worth of mushrooms has prompted their usage. The three main segments of the global mushroom industry are wild, culinary (edible), and medicinal mushrooms. The quality food that mushrooms provide can be utilized to build agricultural ecosystems that are more sustainable for increasing productivity and enhancing the effectiveness of resource usage. This is mostly because mushrooms can be utilized for the recycling of biomass and remains from crop production. Culinary-medicinal mushrooms are becoming more and more important because of their nutrient density, dietary value, and health advantages. Given its many bioactive components, which include polysaccharides, proteins, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and secondary metabolites, mushrooms have been utilized extensively as health foods. These mushrooms exhibit pharmacological activities and possess prebiotic and antibacterial capabilities. This review provides information on the latest advancements in the sustainable cultivation of mushrooms, particularly with nontraditional substrates, and their potential therapeutic uses. Furthermore, some of the newest developments and difficulties in the production of mushrooms are explored.
摘要：
在过去的几年中，全球对蘑菇养殖技术的兴趣有所增加。尽管目前没有构成大量的人类饮食，蘑菇的营养价值促使它们的使用。全球蘑菇产业的三个主要部分是野生的，烹饪（可食用），和药用蘑菇。蘑菇提供的优质食物可用于建立更可持续的农业生态系统，以提高生产力和提高资源利用的有效性。这主要是因为蘑菇可用于生物质的回收和作物生产的残留物。烹饪药用蘑菇由于其营养密度而变得越来越重要，饮食价值，和健康优势。鉴于其许多生物活性成分，其中包括多糖，蛋白质，维生素,矿物,膳食纤维，和次生代谢产物，蘑菇已被广泛用作保健食品。这些蘑菇表现出药理活性并具有益生元和抗菌能力。这篇综述提供了有关蘑菇可持续种植的最新进展的信息，特别是非传统基质，以及它们潜在的治疗用途。此外，探讨了蘑菇生产中的一些最新发展和困难。
