Abstract：
Candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida species, with Candida albicans being the most prevalent. Resistance to azole drugs, commonly used to treat Candida infections, poses a significant challenge. Transcriptional activator candidate 1 (TAC1) gene has emerged as a key player in regulating drug resistance in C. albicans. This review explores the structure and function of the TAC1 gene and its role in azole resistance. This gene encodes a transcription factor that controls the expression of genes involved in drug resistance, such as efflux pump genes (CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1) and ERG11. Mutations in TAC1 can increase these genes\' expression and confer resistance to azoles. Various TAC1 gene mutations, mostly gain-of-function mutations, have been identified, which upregulate CDR1 and CDR2 expression, resulting in azole resistance. Understanding the mechanisms of azole resistance mediated by the TAC1 gene is crucial for the strategies in the effective antifungal development pipeline.
摘要：
念珠菌病是由念珠菌属引起的常见真菌感染,白色念珠菌是最普遍的。对唑类药物的耐药性，通常用于治疗念珠菌感染，提出了重大挑战。转录激活因子候选基因1（TAC1）已成为调节白色念珠菌耐药性的关键角色。本文就TAC1基因的结构、功能及其在唑类耐药中的作用作一综述。该基因编码一种转录因子，该转录因子控制与耐药性有关的基因的表达，如外排泵基因(CDR1、CDR2和MDR1)和ERG11。TAC1的突变可以增加这些基因的表达并赋予对唑类的抗性。各种TAC1基因突变，主要是功能获得性突变，已经被确认,上调CDR1和CDR2的表达，导致唑类耐药。了解TAC1基因介导的唑类耐药机制对于有效的抗真菌开发策略至关重要。
