Abstract：
Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by one of four dengue stereotypes (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) that are primarily transmitted by Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes aegypti (L.). To safeguard public health, it is crucial to conduct surveys that examine the factors favouring the presence of these species. Our study surveyed 42 councils across four towns within the Bhakkar district of Punjab Province, by inspecting man-made or natural habitats containing standing water. First, door-to-door surveillance teams from the district health department were assigned to each council to surveillance Aedes species and dengue cases. Second, data collection through surveillance efforts, and validation procedures were implemented, and the verified data was uploaded onto the Dengue Tracking System by Third Party Validation teams. Third, data were analysed to identify factors influencing dengue fever cases. The findings demonstrated the following: (1) Predominantly, instances were discerned among individuals who had a documented history of having travelled beyond the confines of the province. (2) Containers associated with evaporative air coolers and tyre shops were responsible for approximately 30% of the Aedes developmental sites. (4) Variability in temperature was responsible for approximately 45% of the observed differences in the quantity of recorded Aedes mosquito developmental sites. (5) Implementation of dengue prevention initiatives precipitated a 50% reduction in Aedes-positive containers, alongside a notable 70% decline in reported cases of dengue fever during the period spanning 2019 to 2020, while the majority of reported cases were of external origin. Aedes control measures substantially curtailed mosquito populations and lowered vector-virus interactions. Notably, local dengue transmission was eliminated through advanced and effective Aedes control efforts, emphasising the need for persistent surveillance and eradication of larval habitats in affected regions.
摘要：
登革热是由四种登革热刻板印象（黄病毒：黄病毒科）之一引起的病毒性疾病，主要由白纹伊蚊（Skuse）和埃及伊蚊（L.).为了保障公众健康，进行调查以检查有利于这些物种存在的因素至关重要。我们的研究调查了旁遮普省巴克卡尔地区四个城镇的42个议会，通过检查含有死水的人造或自然栖息地。首先,地区卫生部门的挨家挨户监测小组被分配到每个委员会，以监测伊蚊物种和登革热病例。第二,通过监测工作收集数据，并实施了验证程序，验证的数据由第三方验证团队上传到登革热跟踪系统。第三，对数据进行分析，以确定影响登革热病例的因素。研究结果表明：(1)主要是，在有文献记载的人中发现了这种情况。（2）与蒸发空气冷却器和轮胎店相关的容器占伊蚊发展地点的约30％。（4）温度的变化是所观察到的伊蚊蚊子发育部位数量差异的约45％。(5)实施登革热预防措施,使伊蚊阳性容器减少50%,在2019年至2020年期间，报告的登革热病例显着下降了70％，而大多数报告的病例来自外部。伊蚊控制措施大大减少了蚊子的数量，并降低了媒介与病毒的相互作用。值得注意的是,通过先进和有效的伊蚊控制努力消除了当地登革热传播，强调需要持续监测和根除受影响地区的幼虫栖息地。
