PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Bondage/discipline, Dominance/submission, and Sadism/Masochism (BDSM) have gained increased attention and discussion in recent years. This prevalence is accompanied by a shift in perceptions of BDSM, including the declassification of sadomasochism as a paraphilic disorder. Evolutionary psychology offers a unique perspective of why some individuals are interested in BDSM and why some prefer certain elements of BDSM over others (e.g., dominance versus submission). In this paper, we examine BDSM from an evolutionary standpoint, examining biopsychosocial factors that underlie the BDSM interests and practice. We articulate this perspective via an exploration of: proximate processes, such as the role of childhood experiences, sexual conditioning, and physiological factors; as well as ultimate explanations for power play and pain play dimensions of BDSM, highlighting the potential adaptive advantages of each. While BDSM may not be adaptive in itself, we examine the literature of sex differences in BDSM role preferences and argue that these preferences may stem from the extreme forms of behaviors which enhance reproductive success. In the realm of pain play, we explore the intersection of pain and pleasure from both physiological and psychological perspectives, highlighting the crucial role of psychological and play partner factors in modulating the experience of pain. Finally, we encourage future research in social sciences to utilize evolutionary frameworks to further explore the subject and help alleviate the mystification surrounding BDSM. This multifaceted exploration of BDSM provides valuable insights for clinicians, kink-identified individuals, and scholars seeking to understand the evolutionary perspectives of human sexual behavior and preferences.
摘要：
束缚/纪律，支配/提交，近年来，Sadism/Masochism（BDSM）引起了越来越多的关注和讨论。这种流行伴随着对BDSM的看法的转变，包括将受虐狂解密为一种亲热障碍。进化心理学提供了一个独特的视角，说明为什么有些人对BDSM感兴趣，以及为什么有些人喜欢BDSM的某些元素而不是其他元素(例如，优势与屈服)。在本文中,我们从进化的角度研究BDSM，研究构成BDSM兴趣和实践基础的生物心理社会因素。我们通过以下方面的探索来阐明这一观点：接近的过程，比如童年经历的作用，性条件,和生理因素；以及对BDSM的力量发挥和疼痛发挥维度的最终解释，强调每种方法的潜在适应性优势。虽然BDSM本身可能不是自适应的，我们研究了有关BDSM角色偏好中性别差异的文献，并认为这些偏好可能源于提高生殖成功率的极端行为形式。在痛苦游戏的领域，我们从生理和心理的角度探索痛苦和快乐的交集，强调心理和发挥伙伴因素在调节疼痛体验中的关键作用。最后,我们鼓励未来的社会科学研究利用进化框架来进一步探索这一主题，并帮助缓解围绕BDSM的神秘感。这种对BDSM的多方面探索为临床医生提供了宝贵的见解，扭结识别的个体，和学者寻求了解人类性行为和偏好的进化观点。
