Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This cadaveric anatomical study aimed to explore precise morphometric measurements of the eustachian tube (ET) and adjacent structures in the middle cranial fossa, focusing on identifying reliable surgical landmarks when traditional markers are compromised due to tumors or trauma.
METHODS: Twenty-two temporal bones from 11 adult cadavers (mean age: 75.70 ± 13.75 yr, range: 40-90 yr; sex: 5 females and 6 males) were dissected bilaterally. Surgical tools, including an operation microscope, endoscope, and digital caliper, were used for meticulous measurements. Parameters such as ET dimensions, distances between key points, and relevant angles were quantified, ensuring precise anatomical data.
RESULTS: ET width at the foramen spinosum (FS) level, the midline level, and the eustachian orifice level were measured as 2.18 ± 0.68, 2.42 ± 0.70, and 2.30 ± 0.74 mm, respectively. The distances from the zygomatic root (ZR) to FS, ET, superior semicircular canal (SSC), and internal carotid artery (ICA) were 29.61 ± 2.56, 23.28 ± 2.61, 26.53 ± 2.56, and 32.61 ± 3.69 mm, respectively. The angles between SSC-ZR-ICA and FS-ZR-ICA were measured as 36.57 ± 10.32 and 13.63 ± 3.72 degrees, respectively. No statistical difference was found between right-left or male-female measurements ( p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study offers invaluable insights for neurotological surgeons performing middle fossa approaches. ET and ZR may serve as crucial reference points, enhancing surgical orientation and minimizing risks during complex procedures. These precise anatomical data may empower surgeons, ensuring safer and more confident middle cranial fossa operations, even in challenging clinical scenarios.
METHODS: Twenty-two temporal bones from 11 adult cadavers (mean age: 75.70 ± 13.75 yr, range: 40-90 yr; sex: 5 females and 6 males) were dissected bilaterally. Surgical tools, including an operation microscope, endoscope, and digital caliper, were used for meticulous measurements. Parameters such as ET dimensions, distances between key points, and relevant angles were quantified, ensuring precise anatomical data.
RESULTS: ET width at the foramen spinosum (FS) level, the midline level, and the eustachian orifice level were measured as 2.18 ± 0.68, 2.42 ± 0.70, and 2.30 ± 0.74 mm, respectively. The distances from the zygomatic root (ZR) to FS, ET, superior semicircular canal (SSC), and internal carotid artery (ICA) were 29.61 ± 2.56, 23.28 ± 2.61, 26.53 ± 2.56, and 32.61 ± 3.69 mm, respectively. The angles between SSC-ZR-ICA and FS-ZR-ICA were measured as 36.57 ± 10.32 and 13.63 ± 3.72 degrees, respectively. No statistical difference was found between right-left or male-female measurements ( p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study offers invaluable insights for neurotological surgeons performing middle fossa approaches. ET and ZR may serve as crucial reference points, enhancing surgical orientation and minimizing risks during complex procedures. These precise anatomical data may empower surgeons, ensuring safer and more confident middle cranial fossa operations, even in challenging clinical scenarios.
摘要：
目的：这项尸体解剖学研究旨在探索中颅窝咽鼓管（ET）和邻近结构的精确形态测量，当传统标记物由于肿瘤或创伤而受损时，专注于识别可靠的手术标志。
方法：来自11名成年尸体的22块颞骨（平均年龄：75.70±13.75岁，范围：40-90岁；性别：5名女性和6名男性）双侧解剖。手术工具,包括手术显微镜,内窥镜,和数字卡尺，用于细致的测量。ET尺寸等参数，关键点之间的距离，并对相关角度进行了量化，确保精确的解剖数据。
结果：棘孔（FS）水平的ET宽度，中线水平，咽鼓管口水平分别为2.18±0.68,2.42±0.70,2.30±0.74mm,分别。从the根（ZR）到FS的距离，ET,上半规管（SSC），颈内动脉（ICA）分别为29.61±2.56，23.28±2.61，26.53±2.56和32.61±3.69mm，分别。SSC-ZR-ICA和FS-ZR-ICA之间的角度分别为36.57±10.32和13.63±3.72度，分别。在左右或男女测量之间没有发现统计学差异（p>0.05）。
结论：本研究为神经外科医生进行中窝入路提供了宝贵的见解。ET和ZR可以作为关键的参考点，在复杂的手术过程中提高手术方向并最大限度地降低风险。这些精确的解剖学数据可以赋予外科医生权力，确保更安全、更自信的中颅窝手术，即使在具有挑战性的临床情况下。
方法：来自11名成年尸体的22块颞骨（平均年龄：75.70±13.75岁，范围：40-90岁；性别：5名女性和6名男性）双侧解剖。手术工具,包括手术显微镜,内窥镜,和数字卡尺，用于细致的测量。ET尺寸等参数，关键点之间的距离，并对相关角度进行了量化，确保精确的解剖数据。
结果：棘孔（FS）水平的ET宽度，中线水平，咽鼓管口水平分别为2.18±0.68,2.42±0.70,2.30±0.74mm,分别。从the根（ZR）到FS的距离，ET,上半规管（SSC），颈内动脉（ICA）分别为29.61±2.56，23.28±2.61，26.53±2.56和32.61±3.69mm，分别。SSC-ZR-ICA和FS-ZR-ICA之间的角度分别为36.57±10.32和13.63±3.72度，分别。在左右或男女测量之间没有发现统计学差异（p>0.05）。
结论：本研究为神经外科医生进行中窝入路提供了宝贵的见解。ET和ZR可以作为关键的参考点，在复杂的手术过程中提高手术方向并最大限度地降低风险。这些精确的解剖学数据可以赋予外科医生权力，确保更安全、更自信的中颅窝手术，即使在具有挑战性的临床情况下。
