PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Most U.S. K-12 schools have adopted safety tactics and policies like arming teachers and installing metal detectors, to address intentional school gun violence. However, there is minimal research on their effectiveness. Furthermore, sociodemographic factors may influence their implementation. Controlled studies are necessary to investigate their impact on gun violence and related disciplinary outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The paper outlines the protocol for a case-control study examining gun violence prevention policies in U.S. K-12 schools. The study aims to investigate if there is an association between the total number and type of specific safety tactics and policies and the occurrence of intentional shootings in K-12 public schools, student disciplinary outcomes, and if urbanicity, economic, and racial factors modify these associations.
METHODS: We will create a nationally representative dataset for this study and ascertain a full census of case schools (schools that experienced intentional gunfire on the campus during school hours since 2015) through national school shooting databases. Matched control schools will be randomly selected from U.S. Department of Education\'s national database of all public schools. We will analyze 27 school safety strategies organized into seven key exposure groupings.
RESULTS: Supported by the National Institutes for Child Health and Development (R01HD108027-01) and having received Institutional Review Board approval, our study is currently in the data collection phase. Our analytical plan will determine the association between the number and type of school safety tactics and policies with the occurrence of intentional shootings and suspensions and expulsions in a national sample of approximately 650 K-12 public schools. Additional analyses will investigate the effect modification of specific covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: As the first national, controlled study, its results will provide novel and needed data on the effectiveness of school safety tactics and policies in preventing intentional shootings at K-12 public schools.
OBJECTIVE: The paper outlines the protocol for a case-control study examining gun violence prevention policies in U.S. K-12 schools. The study aims to investigate if there is an association between the total number and type of specific safety tactics and policies and the occurrence of intentional shootings in K-12 public schools, student disciplinary outcomes, and if urbanicity, economic, and racial factors modify these associations.
METHODS: We will create a nationally representative dataset for this study and ascertain a full census of case schools (schools that experienced intentional gunfire on the campus during school hours since 2015) through national school shooting databases. Matched control schools will be randomly selected from U.S. Department of Education\'s national database of all public schools. We will analyze 27 school safety strategies organized into seven key exposure groupings.
RESULTS: Supported by the National Institutes for Child Health and Development (R01HD108027-01) and having received Institutional Review Board approval, our study is currently in the data collection phase. Our analytical plan will determine the association between the number and type of school safety tactics and policies with the occurrence of intentional shootings and suspensions and expulsions in a national sample of approximately 650 K-12 public schools. Additional analyses will investigate the effect modification of specific covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: As the first national, controlled study, its results will provide novel and needed data on the effectiveness of school safety tactics and policies in preventing intentional shootings at K-12 public schools.
摘要：
背景：大多数美国K-12学校都采取了诸如武装教师和安装金属探测器之类的安全策略和政策，解决故意的学校枪支暴力。然而,对其有效性的研究很少。此外，社会人口因素可能会影响其实施。对照研究对于调查其对枪支暴力和相关纪律结果的影响是必要的。
目的：本文概述了一项病例对照研究的协议，该研究检查了美国K-12学校的枪支暴力预防政策。该研究旨在调查特定安全策略和政策的总数和类型与K-12公立学校故意枪击事件的发生之间是否存在关联，学生的纪律成果，如果城市化，经济,种族因素改变了这些联系。
方法：我们将为本研究创建一个具有全国代表性的数据集，并通过国家学校射击数据库确定案例学校（自2015年以来在校园里发生故意枪击事件的学校）的全面普查。匹配的控制学校将从美国教育部的所有公立学校的国家数据库中随机选择。我们将分析27个学校安全策略，分为七个关键的暴露组。
结果：由美国国立儿童健康与发展研究所（R01HD108027-01）支持，并已获得机构审查委员会的批准，我们的研究目前处于数据收集阶段.我们的分析计划将确定学校安全策略和政策的数量和类型与约650K-12公立学校的全国样本中故意枪击，停学和驱逐的发生之间的关联。其他分析将研究特定协变量的效果修改。
结论：作为第一个国家，对照研究,其结果将提供有关学校安全策略和政策在防止K-12公立学校故意枪击事件中的有效性的新颖和必要的数据。
目的：本文概述了一项病例对照研究的协议，该研究检查了美国K-12学校的枪支暴力预防政策。该研究旨在调查特定安全策略和政策的总数和类型与K-12公立学校故意枪击事件的发生之间是否存在关联，学生的纪律成果，如果城市化，经济,种族因素改变了这些联系。
方法：我们将为本研究创建一个具有全国代表性的数据集，并通过国家学校射击数据库确定案例学校（自2015年以来在校园里发生故意枪击事件的学校）的全面普查。匹配的控制学校将从美国教育部的所有公立学校的国家数据库中随机选择。我们将分析27个学校安全策略，分为七个关键的暴露组。
结果：由美国国立儿童健康与发展研究所（R01HD108027-01）支持，并已获得机构审查委员会的批准，我们的研究目前处于数据收集阶段.我们的分析计划将确定学校安全策略和政策的数量和类型与约650K-12公立学校的全国样本中故意枪击，停学和驱逐的发生之间的关联。其他分析将研究特定协变量的效果修改。
结论：作为第一个国家，对照研究,其结果将提供有关学校安全策略和政策在防止K-12公立学校故意枪击事件中的有效性的新颖和必要的数据。
