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Abstract：
Introduction Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart and includes various conditions such as ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate age-related patterns of symptoms and risk factors in ACS patients and to evaluate how diagnostic test results differ among various age groups of ACS patients. Methodology This retrospective study was conducted from May to November of 2023 on patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the cardiology ward of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI), Peshawar. The sample size was 137 ACS-diagnosed patients based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After getting ethical approval from the institutional ethical approval board, data were collected for the entire year of 2022 based on proforma with the variables demographic data, troponin I level, presented symptoms, and associated co-morbidities of the patients. The inclusion criteria were patients of all genders, patients diagnosed with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), and patients whose records were available in the cardiology department of Rehman Medical Institute. Results The results show that ACS is more prevalent in the age group of 50-69 years (p=0.037) and is significantly more common in males (p=0.019). Chest pain emerged as the predominant symptom, with a significant association of p=0.029 between chest pain and patients of ACS in the age group 30-49 years. While raised troponin I levels were prevalent across all age groups. Moreover, specific risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and family history of CAD showed the significance of p= 0.04, p=0.006, and p=0.021, respectively, with the age group 50-69 years old. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of considering age and gender in ACS management and provides insights into age-related patterns of symptoms and risk factors, which can contribute to optimizing preventive strategies and improving patient care. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and assess long-term outcomes in different age groups.
摘要：
介绍急性冠脉综合征（ACS）是一种以心脏血流量减少为特征的危重症，包括各种疾病，如ST段抬高型心肌梗死。非ST段抬高型心肌梗死,和不稳定型心绞痛.目的本研究的目的是调查ACS患者的症状和危险因素的年龄相关模式，并评估诊断测试结果在不同年龄段的ACS患者中的差异。方法这项回顾性研究于2023年5月至11月对Rehman医学研究所（RMI）心脏病区收治的急性冠状动脉综合征患者进行，白沙瓦.根据纳入和排除标准，样本量为137例ACS诊断患者。在获得机构伦理批准委员会的伦理批准后，2022年全年的数据是基于形式和变量人口数据收集的，肌钙蛋白I水平,出现症状，以及患者的相关合并症。纳入标准为所有性别的患者，诊断为急性冠脉综合征（ACS）的患者，以及在Rehman医学研究所心脏病学部门有记录的患者。结果结果显示，ACS在50-69岁年龄段更为普遍（p=0.037），在男性中更为常见（p=0.019）。胸痛是主要症状，在30-49岁年龄组中，胸痛和ACS患者之间的显著相关性为p=0.029。虽然肌钙蛋白I水平升高在所有年龄段都很普遍。此外，特定的危险因素，如糖尿病，高血压,CAD和家族史分别显示p=0.04，p=0.006和p=0.021的显著性，年龄在50-69岁之间。结论本研究强调了在ACS管理中考虑年龄和性别的重要性，并提供了与年龄相关的症状和危险因素模式的见解。这有助于优化预防策略和改善患者护理。需要进一步的研究来探索潜在的机制并评估不同年龄段的长期结果。
