Abstract：
This study examines the health consequences and underlying pathways of education-occupation mismatch. Using a longitudinal sample of college graduates from the Panel Studies of Income Dynamics (1984-2019) and employing longitudinal hybrid models, we found that contemporary vertical mismatch (between education level and educational requirements of occupation) was associated with poorer psychological well-being and bio-behaviors (obesity and smoking), but not physical health. In contrast, horizontal mismatch (between field of study and field required for occupation) did not show clear health consequences. Sequence analysis was employed to uncover the mismatch trajectories and revealed that persistent vertical mismatch over one\'s career had a greater impact on psychological distress and smoking than episodic mismatch experiences. Furthermore, the linkage between vertical mismatch and health outcomes was likely shaped by psychosocial processes rather than reduced material well-being. These findings imply that education-occupation vertical (mis)match produces health disparities between occupationally matched and mismatched college graduates.
摘要：
这项研究考察了教育与职业不匹配的健康后果和潜在途径。使用收入动态面板研究(1984-2019)的大学毕业生纵向样本，并采用纵向混合模型，我们发现当代纵向不匹配（教育水平和职业教育要求之间）与较差的心理健康和生物行为（肥胖和吸烟）有关，但不是身体健康。相比之下,水平不匹配(研究领域和职业所需领域之间)未显示明确的健康后果.序列分析用于揭示不匹配的轨迹，并揭示了职业生涯中持续的垂直不匹配对心理困扰和吸烟的影响大于偶发性不匹配的经历。此外，纵向不匹配与健康结局之间的联系很可能是由心理社会过程形成的,而不是物质幸福感的降低.这些发现暗示，教育与职业垂直（错误）匹配会在职业匹配和不匹配的大学毕业生之间产生健康差异。
