Abstract：
Hemolin, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, plays a crucial role in the immune responses of insects against pathogens. However, the innate immune response of Hemolin to baculovirus infection varies among different insects, and the antiviral effects of Hemolin in Hyphantria cunea (HcHemolin) remain poorly understood. Our results showed that HcHemolin was expressed throughout all developmental stages, with higher expressions observed during pupal and adult stages of H. cunea. Additionally, HcHemolin was expressed in reproductive and digestive organs. The expression levels of the HcHemolin were induced significantly following H. cunea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HcNPV) infection. The susceptibility of H. cunea larvae to HcNPV decreased upon silencing of HcHemolin, resulting in a 40% reduction in median lifespan compared to the control group. The relative growth rate (RGR), the relative efficiency of consumption rate (RCR), the efficiency of the conversion of ingested food (ECI), and efficiency of the conversion of digested food (ECD) of silenced H. cunea larvae were significantly lower than those of the control group. Immune challenge assays showed that the median lifespan of treated H. cunea larvae was two-fold longer than the control group after HcNPV and HcHemolin protein co-injection. Therefore, we propose that HcHemolin plays a crucial role in regulating the growth, development, and food utilization of H. cunea, as well as in the antiviral immune response against HcNPV. These findings provide implications for the development of targeted nucleic acid pesticides and novel strategies for pollution-free biological control synergists for HcNPV.
摘要：
Hemolin,免疫球蛋白超家族的一员,在昆虫对病原体的免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用。然而,Hemolin对杆状病毒感染的先天性免疫应答在不同昆虫之间是不同的，Hemolin在美国白蛾（HcHemolin）中的抗病毒作用仍然知之甚少。我们的结果表明，HcHemoin在所有发育阶段都有表达，在H.cunea的p和成虫阶段观察到更高的表达。此外,HcHemolin在生殖器官和消化器官中表达。HcHemolin的表达水平在克隆猪核多角体病毒(HcNPV)感染后被显著诱导。在HcHemoolin沉默后，库纳氏菌幼虫对HcNPV的敏感性降低，与对照组相比，中位寿命减少了40%。相对增长率(RGR)，相对效率消耗率(RCR)，摄入食物(ECI)的转化效率，沉默H.cunea幼虫的消化食物（ECD）转化效率显着低于对照组。免疫攻击试验表明，HcNPV和HcHemoolin蛋白共注射后，处理过的H.cunea幼虫的中位寿命比对照组长两倍。因此,我们认为HcHemolin在调节生长中起着至关重要的作用，发展,和山核桃的食物利用，以及针对HcNPV的抗病毒免疫应答。这些发现为靶向核酸农药的开发和HcNPV的无污染生物防治增效剂的新策略提供了启示。
