Abstract：
In tissue engineering, 3D printing represents a versatile technology employing inks to construct three-dimensional living structures, mimicking natural biological systems. This technology efficiently translates digital blueprints into highly reproducible 3D objects. Recent advances have expanded 3D printing applications, allowing for the fabrication of diverse anatomical components, including engineered functional tissues and organs. The development of printable inks, which incorporate macromolecules, enzymes, cells, and growth factors, is advancing with the aim of restoring damaged tissues and organs. Polysaccharides, recognized for their intrinsic resemblance to components of the extracellular matrix have garnered significant attention in the field of tissue engineering. This review explores diverse 3D printing techniques, outlining distinctive features that should characterize scaffolds used as ideal matrices in tissue engineering. A detailed investigation into the properties and roles of polysaccharides in tissue engineering is highlighted. The review also culminates in a profound exploration of 3D polysaccharide-based hydrogel applications, focusing on recent breakthroughs in regenerating different tissues such as skin, bone, cartilage, heart, nerve, vasculature, and skeletal muscle. It further addresses challenges and prospective directions in 3D printing hydrogels based on polysaccharides, paving the way for innovative research to fabricate functional tissues, enhancing patient care, and improving quality of life.
摘要：
在组织工程中，3D打印代表了一种使用墨水来构建三维生活结构的多功能技术，模仿自然生物系统。该技术有效地将数字蓝图转换为高度可再现的3D对象。最近的进步扩大了3D打印的应用，允许制造不同的解剖学部件，包括工程化的功能性组织和器官。可印刷油墨的发展，结合了大分子，酶，细胞,和生长因子，以恢复受损的组织和器官为目标。多糖，公认的与细胞外基质成分的内在相似性在组织工程领域引起了极大的关注。这篇综述探讨了不同的3D打印技术，概述了在组织工程中用作理想基质的支架的独特特征。强调了对多糖在组织工程中的特性和作用的详细研究。该评论还以对3D多糖基水凝胶应用的深刻探索为高潮，关注最近在再生不同组织如皮肤方面的突破，骨头,软骨，心,神经,脉管系统,和骨骼肌。它进一步解决了基于多糖的3D打印水凝胶的挑战和未来方向，为制造功能组织的创新研究铺平了道路，加强病人护理，提高生活质量。
