Abstract：
Ticks can transmit viruses, bacteria, and parasites to humans, livestock, and pet animals causing tick-borne diseases (TBDs) mechanically or biologically in the world. Lumpy skin disease virus, Anaplasma marginale, and Theileria annulata inflict severe infections in cattle, resulting in significant economic losses worldwide. The study investigated the potential transmissions of LSDV, A. marginale, and T. annulata through male Hyalomma anatolicum ticks in cattle calves. Two 6-month-old Holstein crossbred calves designated as A and B were used. On day 1, 15 uninfected female ticks (IIa) and infected batch of 40 male ticks (I) were attached on calf A for 11 days. Filial transmission of the infections was observed in female ticks (IIb) collected from calf A, where 8 female ticks had been co-fed with infected male ticks. The blood sample of calf B was found positive through PCR for the infections. The larvae and egg pools obtained from the infected ticks were also tested positive in PCR. The study confirmed the presence of these mixed pathogens and potential intra-stadial and transovarial transmissions of A. marginale, T. annulata, and LSDV in male and female ticks of H. anatolicum and experimental calves to establish the feasibility of infections through an in vivo approach.
摘要：
蜱能传播病毒,细菌,和人类的寄生虫，牲畜,和宠物动物在世界上以机械或生物学方式引起蜱传疾病（TBD）。块状皮肤病病毒，边缘无性体，环流泰里氏菌在牛身上造成了严重的感染，在全球范围内造成重大经济损失。这项研究调查了LSDV的潜在传播，A.边际，和T.annulata通过牛小牛中的雄性Hyalommaanatolicum蜱。使用了两个6个月大的荷斯坦杂交小牛，分别称为A和B。在第1天，将15个未感染的雌性蜱（IIa）和40个感染的雄性蜱（I）在小牛A上附着11天。在从小牛A收集的雌性蜱（IIb）中观察到感染的过滤传播，其中8只雌性蜱与受感染的雄性蜱共同喂养。通过PCR发现小牛B的血液样本对感染呈阳性。从感染的蜱获得的幼虫和卵库也在PCR中检测为阳性。该研究证实了这些混合病原体的存在和潜在的间期内和跨期传播。T.annulata,和LSDV在汉堡包和实验小牛的雄性和雌性蜱中通过体内方法建立感染的可行性。
