Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of non-pharmacologic perioperative oral hygiene care on reduced incidence of postoperative pneumonia (PP), surgical site infection (SSI), and the length of hospital stay in patients with cancer, and to describe the details of oral hygiene care.
METHODS: We searched seven databases. Eligibility criteria were based on perioperative oral hygiene care provided by healthcare professionals to patients aged ≥18 years who were surgically treated under general anesthesia and were evaluated for the incidence of PP and SSI. We reported risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes for PP and SSI using a fixed-effects model of meta-analysis.
RESULTS: The search resulted in 850 articles, among which two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 were observational studies. Most studies indicated that dentists and medical care providers performed a combination of oral cleaning, and oral hygiene instructions. In RCTs, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.86; p = .60), while in observational studies, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.55; p < .001) and SSI (RR, 0.47; p < .001). The length of hospital stay was also significantly reduced (p < .05). However, the effectiveness of nursing intervention was not clear.
CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative oral hygiene care implemented by healthcare professionals prevented PP and SSI and reduced length of hospital stays for patients after cancer surgery. As daily perioperative oral hygiene care is performed by nurses, it is necessary to research the effects of oral hygiene by nurses in the future.
METHODS: We searched seven databases. Eligibility criteria were based on perioperative oral hygiene care provided by healthcare professionals to patients aged ≥18 years who were surgically treated under general anesthesia and were evaluated for the incidence of PP and SSI. We reported risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes for PP and SSI using a fixed-effects model of meta-analysis.
RESULTS: The search resulted in 850 articles, among which two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 were observational studies. Most studies indicated that dentists and medical care providers performed a combination of oral cleaning, and oral hygiene instructions. In RCTs, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.86; p = .60), while in observational studies, perioperative oral hygiene care significantly reduced the incidence of PP (RR, 0.55; p < .001) and SSI (RR, 0.47; p < .001). The length of hospital stay was also significantly reduced (p < .05). However, the effectiveness of nursing intervention was not clear.
CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative oral hygiene care implemented by healthcare professionals prevented PP and SSI and reduced length of hospital stays for patients after cancer surgery. As daily perioperative oral hygiene care is performed by nurses, it is necessary to research the effects of oral hygiene by nurses in the future.
摘要：
目的：本系统综述旨在评估非药物围手术期口腔卫生护理对降低术后肺炎（PP）发生率的影响。手术部位感染（SSI），以及癌症患者的住院时间，并描述口腔卫生护理的细节。
方法：我们搜索了七个数据库。合格标准基于医疗保健专业人员为在全身麻醉下手术治疗的年龄≥18岁的患者提供的围手术期口腔卫生护理，并评估了PP和SSI的发生率。我们使用meta分析的固定效应模型报告了PP和SSI二分结果的风险比（RR）。
结果：搜索结果为850篇文章，其中2项为随机对照试验(RCT),21项为观察性研究.大多数研究表明，牙医和医疗保健提供者进行口腔清洁的组合，和口腔卫生说明。在RCT中,围手术期口腔卫生护理显著降低PP(RR,0.86；p=.60)，而在观察性研究中，围手术期口腔卫生护理显著降低PP(RR,0.55；p<.001)和SSI(RR，0.47；p<.001）。住院时间也显著缩短（p<0.05）。然而,护理干预的有效性尚不明确。
结论：医疗保健专业人员实施的围手术期口腔卫生护理可预防PP和SSI，并缩短癌症手术后患者的住院时间。由于日常围手术期口腔卫生护理由护士进行，未来有必要对护士口腔卫生的影响进行研究。
方法：我们搜索了七个数据库。合格标准基于医疗保健专业人员为在全身麻醉下手术治疗的年龄≥18岁的患者提供的围手术期口腔卫生护理，并评估了PP和SSI的发生率。我们使用meta分析的固定效应模型报告了PP和SSI二分结果的风险比（RR）。
结果：搜索结果为850篇文章，其中2项为随机对照试验(RCT),21项为观察性研究.大多数研究表明，牙医和医疗保健提供者进行口腔清洁的组合，和口腔卫生说明。在RCT中,围手术期口腔卫生护理显著降低PP(RR,0.86；p=.60)，而在观察性研究中，围手术期口腔卫生护理显著降低PP(RR,0.55；p<.001)和SSI(RR，0.47；p<.001）。住院时间也显著缩短（p<0.05）。然而,护理干预的有效性尚不明确。
结论：医疗保健专业人员实施的围手术期口腔卫生护理可预防PP和SSI，并缩短癌症手术后患者的住院时间。由于日常围手术期口腔卫生护理由护士进行，未来有必要对护士口腔卫生的影响进行研究。
