PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Lake Erie is threatened by eutrophication and harmful algal blooms due to excess nutrient loading from agricultural sources. To reduce nutrient loading to Lake Erie, widespread adoption of agricultural conservation practices (ACPs) has been proposed. However, identifying appropriate and effective locations for ACP placement has been challenging. Another challenge is understanding how effective the ACPs are in reducing nutrient loading and achieving water quality goals. Therefore, identifying the most effective ACPs, as well as spatially optimal placement of ACPs to achieve the maximum environmental benefit, is of paramount importance. The main objective of this study was to integrate the Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF) with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to assess the potential effectiveness of ACPs developed by ACPF in reducing phosphorous losses from an agriculturally dominated small watershed within the Western Lake Erie Basin. ACPF was used to develop a series of ACP opportunity plans, which were then integrated into a calibrated SWAT model. SWAT simulation of ACPF developed ACP opportunity plans for grassed waterways (GWs), contour buffer strips (CBSs), water and sediment control basins (WASCOBs), nutrient removal wetlands (NRWs), and farm ponds (FPs) revealed various reductions in sediment, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and total phosphorus (TP) at the watershed-scale. The simulation of individual ACP opportunity plans revealed that GW resulted in the greatest annual average SRP and TP reductions (19% and 30%, respectively), followed by CBS (16% and 22%), and WASCOB (13% and 16%); NRWs were the most effective at reducing sediment (56%) but increased SRP (27%). Combined GW, CBS, and WASCOB opportunity plans resulted in the greatest reduction of SRP (34%), while the combination of all ACP opportunity plans resulted in the greatest reduction of TP (49%) and sediment (78%).
摘要：
由于来自农业来源的过量营养负荷，伊利湖受到富营养化和有害藻华的威胁。为了减少伊利湖的营养负荷，已提议广泛采用农业保护实践(ACP)。然而,确定合适和有效的ACP安置位置一直很有挑战性。另一个挑战是了解ACP在减少养分负荷和实现水质目标方面的有效性。因此,确定最有效的ACP，以及在空间上优化ACP的位置，以实现最大的环境效益，是最重要的。这项研究的主要目的是将农业保护规划框架（ACPF）与土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）相结合，以评估ACPF开发的ACP在减少以农业为主的小流域的磷损失方面的潜在有效性。西湖伊利湖盆地。ACPF被用来制定一系列ACP机会计划，然后将其集成到校准的SWAT模型中。SWAT模拟ACPF为草地水道（GWs）制定了ACP机会计划，轮廓缓冲条(CBSs)，水和沉积物控制盆地(WASCOBs)，养分去除湿地（NRWs），农场池塘(FP)显示沉积物的各种减少，可溶性活性磷（SRP），和流域尺度的总磷(TP)。单个ACP机会计划的模拟显示，GW导致最大的SRP和TP年度平均减少（19%和30%，分别)，其次是CBS（16%和22%），和WASCOB（13％和16％）；NRW在减少沉积物方面最有效（56％），但增加了SRP（27％）。合并GW，CBS,WASCOB机会计划导致SRP的最大减少(34%)，而所有ACP机会计划的组合导致TP（49％）和沉积物（78％）的最大减少。
