PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Reducing aviation emissions is important as they contribute to air pollution and climate change. Several alternative aviation fuels that may reduce life cycle emissions have been proposed. Comparative life cycle assessments (LCAs) of fuels are useful for inspecting individual fuels, but systemwide analysis remains difficult. Thus, systematic properties like fleet composition, performance, or emissions and changes to them under alternative fuels can only be partially addressed in LCAs. By integrating the geospatial fuel and emission model, AviTeam, with LCA, we can assess the mitigation potential of a fleetwide use of alternative aviation fuels on 210 000 shorter haul flights. In an optimistic case, liquid hydrogen (LH2) and power-to-liquid fuels, when produced with renewable electricity, may reduce emissions by about 950 GgCO2eq when assessed with the GWP100 metric and including non-CO2 impacts for all flights considered. Mitigation potentials range from 44% on shorter flights to 56% on longer flights. Alternative aviation fuels\' mitigation potential is limited because of short-lived climate forcings and additional fuel demand to accommodate LH2 fuel. Our results highlight the importance of integrating system models into LCAs and are of value to researchers and decision-makers engaged in climate change mitigation in the aviation and transport sectors.
摘要：
减少航空排放很重要，因为它们会导致空气污染和气候变化。已经提出了可以减少生命周期排放的几种替代航空燃料。燃料的比较生命周期评估(LCA)可用于检查单个燃料，但是全系统的分析仍然很困难。因此，系统属性，如舰队组成，性能，或替代燃料下的排放和变化只能在LCA中部分解决。通过整合地理空间燃料和排放模型，AviTeam,LCA,我们可以评估在210,000次短途飞行中在整个机队范围内使用替代航空燃料的缓解潜力。在乐观的情况下，液态氢（LH2）和动力液体燃料，当使用可再生电力生产时，用GWP100公制评估时，可能会减少约950GgCO2eq的排放，包括所有考虑的航班的非CO2影响。缓解潜力从较短航班的44％到较长航班的56％不等。替代航空燃料的缓解潜力是有限的，因为短暂的气候强迫和额外的燃料需求，以适应LH2燃料。我们的研究结果强调了将系统模型集成到LCA中的重要性，并且对从事航空和运输部门缓解气候变化的研究人员和决策者具有价值。
