Abstract：
Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has been integrated into clinical practice to overcome several limitations of conventional open or laparoscopic surgery. After the expiration of the long key patent period of Intuitive Surgical, various robotic systems (RSs) have been developed aiming at improving certain characteristics of the first robotic platform, the Da Vinci RS. This narrative review provides an overview of the current RSs used in urology along with the initial results from their application in urologic procedures. Nine robotic platforms are being analyzed regarding their unique characteristics as well as their efficacy, safety, feasibility, and outcomes in urologic, oncological, or non-oncological operations. The main barrier to the wide application of RAS has been the increased cost that refers to both acquisition and maintenance costs. Besides, the health inequality resulting from the lack of expert robotic surgeons and the difficulty of performing robot-assisted procedures in provincial hospitals should be overcome. However, large properly designed comparative studies are required to establish the role of newly introduced RSs. In addition, urologists should keep abreast of new developments and research in robot-assisted urologic procedures.
摘要：
机器人辅助手术（RAS）已被整合到临床实践中，以克服传统的开腹或腹腔镜手术的局限性。在直观外科的长关键专利期到期后，已经开发了各种机器人系统（RS），旨在改善第一个机器人平台的某些特性，达芬奇RS.这篇叙述性综述概述了当前泌尿外科中使用的RS，以及它们在泌尿外科手术中应用的初步结果。正在分析九个机器人平台的独特特征和功效，安全,可行性,以及泌尿外科的结果，肿瘤或非肿瘤手术。RAS广泛应用的主要障碍是增加的成本，即购置和维护成本。此外,应该克服由于缺乏专家机器人外科医生而导致的健康不平等，以及在省级医院执行机器人辅助手术的困难。然而,需要进行大型适当设计的比较研究，以确定新引入的RS的作用。此外,泌尿科医师应及时了解机器人辅助泌尿外科手术的新进展和研究。
