Abstract：
BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of protein supplementation and resistance training (RT), compared with RT alone or combined with a placebo, in improving gait speed.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus databases, and 18 randomized controlled trials with 1,147 older participants were included for meta-analysis. Data were pooled as the effect sizes (Hedges\' g) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of the gait speed (in meters per second). The random-effect meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were conducted.
RESULTS: The combination of protein supplementation and RT significantly improved gait speed (Hedges\' g: 0.52 m/s, 95% confidence interval [0.17, 0.86], p = .005; I2 = 86.5%) compared with the RT alone. The subgroup analyses revealed that the significant improvement in gait speed postprotein intervention plus RT was observed only in participants who consumed protein after RT (Hedges\' g: 0.90 m/s, 95% confidence interval [0.46, 1.33], p = .001; I2 = 79.6%). The pooled result did not significantly change after excluding any single study at one time or excluding smaller studies with large effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS: Protein supplementation combined with RT could significantly improve the gait speed of older adults compared with RT alone. This positive effect is more pronounced in people who consume protein after RT.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus databases, and 18 randomized controlled trials with 1,147 older participants were included for meta-analysis. Data were pooled as the effect sizes (Hedges\' g) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of the gait speed (in meters per second). The random-effect meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were conducted.
RESULTS: The combination of protein supplementation and RT significantly improved gait speed (Hedges\' g: 0.52 m/s, 95% confidence interval [0.17, 0.86], p = .005; I2 = 86.5%) compared with the RT alone. The subgroup analyses revealed that the significant improvement in gait speed postprotein intervention plus RT was observed only in participants who consumed protein after RT (Hedges\' g: 0.90 m/s, 95% confidence interval [0.46, 1.33], p = .001; I2 = 79.6%). The pooled result did not significantly change after excluding any single study at one time or excluding smaller studies with large effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS: Protein supplementation combined with RT could significantly improve the gait speed of older adults compared with RT alone. This positive effect is more pronounced in people who consume protein after RT.
摘要：
背景：我们旨在评估蛋白质补充和阻力训练（RT）组合的有效性，与单独使用RT或与安慰剂联合使用相比，提高步态速度。
方法：我们搜索了PubMed，WebofScience,科克伦图书馆,和SPORTDiscus数据库，纳入18项随机对照试验,纳入1,147名老年参与者进行荟萃分析.将数据汇集为具有步态速度(以米/秒为单位)的95%置信区间(CI)的效应大小(Hedges\'g)。随机效应荟萃分析，亚组分析，元回归，并进行了敏感性分析。
结果：补充蛋白质和RT的组合显着提高了步态速度（Hedges\'g：0.52m/s，95%置信区间[0.17，0.86]，p=0.005；I2=86.5%）与单独的RT相比。亚组分析显示，仅在RT后摄入蛋白质的参与者中观察到步态速度的显着改善（Hedges\'g：0.90m/s，95%置信区间[0.46，1.33]，p=.001；I2=79.6%）。在一次排除任何单个研究或排除具有较大效应大小的较小研究后，合并结果没有显着变化。
结论：与单纯RT相比，补充蛋白质联合RT可显著提高老年人的步态速度。这种积极作用在RT后消耗蛋白质的人群中更为明显。
方法：我们搜索了PubMed，WebofScience,科克伦图书馆,和SPORTDiscus数据库，纳入18项随机对照试验,纳入1,147名老年参与者进行荟萃分析.将数据汇集为具有步态速度(以米/秒为单位)的95%置信区间(CI)的效应大小(Hedges\'g)。随机效应荟萃分析，亚组分析，元回归，并进行了敏感性分析。
结果：补充蛋白质和RT的组合显着提高了步态速度（Hedges\'g：0.52m/s，95%置信区间[0.17，0.86]，p=0.005；I2=86.5%）与单独的RT相比。亚组分析显示，仅在RT后摄入蛋白质的参与者中观察到步态速度的显着改善（Hedges\'g：0.90m/s，95%置信区间[0.46，1.33]，p=.001；I2=79.6%）。在一次排除任何单个研究或排除具有较大效应大小的较小研究后，合并结果没有显着变化。
结论：与单纯RT相比，补充蛋白质联合RT可显著提高老年人的步态速度。这种积极作用在RT后消耗蛋白质的人群中更为明显。
