Abstract：
Human G protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) belongs to a member of the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR) family and widely exists in the central nervous system and various types of tumor tissues. Recent studies have shown that abnormal expression or dysfunction of GPR56 is closely associated with many physiological and pathological processes, including brain development, neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer progression. In addition, GPR56 has been proven to enhance the susceptibility of some antipsychotics and anticarcinogens in response to the treatment of neuropsychological diseases and cancer. Although there have been some reports about the functions of GPR56, the underlying mechanisms implicated in these diseases have not been clarified thoroughly, especially in depression and epilepsy. Therefore, in this review, we described the molecular structure and signal transduction pathway of GPR56 and carried out a comprehensive summary of GPR56\'s function in the development of psychiatric disorders and cancer. Our review showed that GPR56 deficiency led to depressive-like behaviors and an increase in resistance to antipsychotic treatment. In contrast, the upregulation of GPR56 contributed to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in malignant diseases such as glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Moreover, we elucidated specific signaling pathways downstream of GPR56 related to the pathogenesis of these diseases. In summary, our review provides compelling arguments for an attractive therapeutic target of GPR56 in improving the therapeutic efficiency for patients suffering from psychiatric disorders and cancer.
摘要：
人G蛋白偶联受体56(GPR56)属于粘附G蛋白偶联受体(aGPCR)家族成员,广泛存在于中枢神经系统和各种类型的肿瘤组织中。近年来的研究表明,GPR56的异常表达或功能紊乱与许多生理和病理过程密切相关。包括大脑发育，神经精神疾病,心血管疾病和癌症进展。此外,GPR56已被证明可以增强某些抗精神病药和抗癌药对神经心理疾病和癌症治疗的敏感性。虽然有一些关于GPR56功能的报道，但这些疾病的潜在机制尚未得到彻底阐明。尤其是抑郁症和癫痫。因此,在这次审查中,我们描述了GPR56的分子结构和信号转导途径，并对GPR56在精神疾病和癌症发展中的功能进行了全面总结。我们的评论显示，GPR56缺乏导致抑郁样行为和对抗精神病治疗的抵抗力增加。相比之下,GPR56的上调有助于恶性疾病如胶质母细胞瘤的肿瘤细胞增殖和转移,结直肠癌,和卵巢癌。此外，我们阐明了与这些疾病的发病机制相关的GPR56下游的特定信号通路。总之,我们的综述为GPR56在提高精神疾病和癌症患者的治疗效率方面提供了令人信服的论据.
