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Abstract：
Background Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, with varying incidence and risk factors across different populations. This study aims to analyze demographic, clinical, and laboratory risk factors for stroke among the Saudi Arabian population to enhance the understanding of its behavior and associated mortality. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 3586 patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic stroke at King Fahad Medical City from January 1, 2020, to November 11, 2022. We collected data on demographic variables, past medical history, social history, nationality, and laboratory components. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0. (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.), with significance set at p<0.05. Results The study population was predominantly male (57.86%) and within the age group of 51 to 80 years (58.8%). A significant portion of patients were Saudi nationals (99.6%), with hypertension (50.2%) and diabetes (40.4%) being the most common comorbidities. Laboratory abnormalities related to sodium and potassium levels were strongly linked to mortality rates. Notably, ischemic stroke was the most common type across all age groups, except for patients under age 16, where hemorrhagic stroke was more prevalent. Conclusions Our findings reveal significant associations between stroke risk factors and mortality within the Saudi Arabian population, highlighting the impact of hypertension, diabetes, and electrolyte imbalances. The study underscores the need for targeted stroke prevention and management strategies in Saudi Arabia, aligning with global trends to mitigate the burden of this disease.
摘要：
背景：卒中是世界范围内死亡和长期残疾的主要原因。不同人群的发病率和危险因素各不相同。本研究旨在分析人口统计，临床,以及沙特阿拉伯人群中卒中的实验室危险因素，以增强对其行为和相关死亡率的了解。方法在这项回顾性队列研究中，我们分析了2020年1月1日至2022年11月11日在法哈德国王医疗城诊断为出血性或非出血性卒中的3586例患者的数据.我们收集了人口统计学变量的数据，既往病史,社会史,国籍,和实验室组件。使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows进行统计分析，版本27.0。(Armonk,纽约：IBM公司),显著性设置为p<0.05。结果研究人群以男性为主(57.86%),年龄在51～80岁(58.8%)。很大一部分患者是沙特国民（99.6%），高血压（50.2%）和糖尿病（40.4%）是最常见的合并症。与钠和钾水平相关的实验室异常与死亡率密切相关。值得注意的是,缺血性卒中是所有年龄组中最常见的类型,除了16岁以下的出血性卒中更为普遍的患者.结论：我们的发现揭示了沙特阿拉伯人群卒中危险因素和死亡率之间的显著关联。强调高血压的影响，糖尿病,和电解质失衡。该研究强调了沙特阿拉伯有针对性的卒中预防和管理策略的必要性。与全球趋势保持一致，以减轻这种疾病的负担。
