PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Given the increasing incidence of negative outcomes during pregnancy, our research team conducted a dose-response systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption and common adverse pregnancy outcomes including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia (PE), preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. UPFs are described as formulations of food substances often modified by chemical processes and then assembled into ready-to-consume hyper-palatable food and drink products using flavors, colors, emulsifiers, and other cosmetic additives. Examples include savory snacks, reconstituted meat products, frozen meals that have already been made, and soft drinks.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases up to December 2023. We pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model.
RESULTS: Our analysis (encompassing 54 studies with 552,686 individuals) revealed a significant association between UPFs intake and increased risks of GDM (RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.27; I2 = 77.5%; p < 0.001; studies = 44; number of participants = 180,824), PE (RR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.59; I2 = 80.0%; p = 0.025; studies = 12; number of participants = 54,955), while no significant relationships were found for PTB, LBW and SGA infants. Importantly, a 100 g increment in UPFs intake was related to a 27% increase in GDM risk (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.51; I2 = 81.0%; p = 0.007; studies = 9; number of participants = 39,812). The non-linear dose-response analysis further indicated a positive, non-linear relationship between UPFs intake and GDM risk Pnonlinearity = 0.034, Pdose-response = 0.034), although no such relationship was observed for PE (Pnonlinearity = 0.696, Pdose-response = 0.812).
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, both prior to and during pregnancy, chronic and excessive intake of UPFs is associated with an increased risk of GDM and PE. However, further observational studies, particularly among diverse ethnic groups with precise UPFs consumption measurement tools, are imperative for a more comprehensive understanding.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases up to December 2023. We pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model.
RESULTS: Our analysis (encompassing 54 studies with 552,686 individuals) revealed a significant association between UPFs intake and increased risks of GDM (RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.27; I2 = 77.5%; p < 0.001; studies = 44; number of participants = 180,824), PE (RR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.59; I2 = 80.0%; p = 0.025; studies = 12; number of participants = 54,955), while no significant relationships were found for PTB, LBW and SGA infants. Importantly, a 100 g increment in UPFs intake was related to a 27% increase in GDM risk (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.51; I2 = 81.0%; p = 0.007; studies = 9; number of participants = 39,812). The non-linear dose-response analysis further indicated a positive, non-linear relationship between UPFs intake and GDM risk Pnonlinearity = 0.034, Pdose-response = 0.034), although no such relationship was observed for PE (Pnonlinearity = 0.696, Pdose-response = 0.812).
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, both prior to and during pregnancy, chronic and excessive intake of UPFs is associated with an increased risk of GDM and PE. However, further observational studies, particularly among diverse ethnic groups with precise UPFs consumption measurement tools, are imperative for a more comprehensive understanding.
摘要：
目的：鉴于妊娠期间不良结局的发生率增加，我们的研究小组进行了剂量反应系统评价和荟萃分析，以调查超加工食品（UPFs）消费与常见不良妊娠结局之间的关系，包括妊娠期糖尿病（GDM），先兆子痫(PE),早产（PTB），低出生体重（LBW），和小于胎龄儿(SGA)。UPFs被描述为通常通过化学过程修饰的食品物质的配方，然后使用香料组装成即食的超可口食品和饮料产品，颜色,乳化剂,和其他化妆品添加剂。例子包括咸味小吃，重组肉制品，已经制作的冷冻食品，和软饮料。
方法：使用Scopus进行了全面搜索，PubMed,和截至2023年12月的WebofScience数据库。我们使用随机效应模型汇总了相对风险(RR)和95%置信区间(CI)。
结果：我们的分析（包括54项涉及552,686个人的研究）显示，UPFs的摄入量与GDM风险增加之间存在显着关联（RR=1.19；95％CI：1.10，1.27；I2=77.5％；p<0.001；研究=44；参与者人数=180,824），PE（RR=1.28；95％CI：1.03，1.59；I2=80.0％；p=0.025；研究=12；参与者人数=54,955），虽然没有发现PTB的显著关系，LBW和SGA婴儿。重要的是,UPFs摄入量增加100g与GDM风险增加27%相关(RR=1.27;95%CI:1.07,1.51;I2=81.0%;p=0.007;研究=9;参与者数量=39,812).非线性剂量反应分析进一步表明，UPFs摄入量与GDM风险之间的非线性关系P非线性=0.034，P-反应=0.034)，尽管未观察到PE的这种关系（P非线性=0.696，P剂量反应=0.812）。
结论：总之，怀孕前和怀孕期间，长期和过量摄入UPFs与GDM和PE风险增加相关.然而,进一步的观察研究，特别是在拥有精确UPFs消费测量工具的不同族裔群体中，对于更全面的理解至关重要。
方法：使用Scopus进行了全面搜索，PubMed,和截至2023年12月的WebofScience数据库。我们使用随机效应模型汇总了相对风险(RR)和95%置信区间(CI)。
结果：我们的分析（包括54项涉及552,686个人的研究）显示，UPFs的摄入量与GDM风险增加之间存在显着关联（RR=1.19；95％CI：1.10，1.27；I2=77.5％；p<0.001；研究=44；参与者人数=180,824），PE（RR=1.28；95％CI：1.03，1.59；I2=80.0％；p=0.025；研究=12；参与者人数=54,955），虽然没有发现PTB的显著关系，LBW和SGA婴儿。重要的是,UPFs摄入量增加100g与GDM风险增加27%相关(RR=1.27;95%CI:1.07,1.51;I2=81.0%;p=0.007;研究=9;参与者数量=39,812).非线性剂量反应分析进一步表明，UPFs摄入量与GDM风险之间的非线性关系P非线性=0.034，P-反应=0.034)，尽管未观察到PE的这种关系（P非线性=0.696，P剂量反应=0.812）。
结论：总之，怀孕前和怀孕期间，长期和过量摄入UPFs与GDM和PE风险增加相关.然而,进一步的观察研究，特别是在拥有精确UPFs消费测量工具的不同族裔群体中，对于更全面的理解至关重要。
