Abstract：
An oesophageal stricture refers to a narrowing of the oesophageal lumen, which may be benign or malignant. The cardinal feature is dysphagia, and this may result from intrinsic oesophageal disease or extrinsic compression. Oesophageal strictures can be further classified as simple or complex depending on stricture length, location, diameter, and underlying aetiology. Many endoscopic options are now available for treating oesophageal strictures including dilatation, injectional therapy, stenting, stricturotomy, and ablation. Self-expanding metal stents have revolutionised the palliation of malignant dysphagia, but oesophageal dilatation with balloon or bougienage remains first-line therapy for most benign strictures. The increase in endoscopic and surgical interventions on the oesophagus has seen more benign refractory oesophageal strictures that are difficult to treat, and often require advanced endoscopic techniques. In this review, we provide a practical overview on the evidence-based management of both benign and malignant oesophageal strictures, including a practical algorithm for managing benign refractory strictures.
摘要：
食管狭窄是指食管管腔狭窄，可能是良性或恶性的。最主要的特征是吞咽困难,这可能是由固有食管疾病或外源性压迫引起的。食管狭窄可根据狭窄长度进一步分为简单或复杂。location,直径,和潜在的病因。现在有许多内镜选择可用于治疗食管狭窄，包括扩张，注射疗法,支架,狭窄切开术，和消融。自膨胀金属支架彻底改变了恶性吞咽困难的缓解，但是对于大多数良性狭窄，使用球囊或胸口进行食管扩张仍是一线治疗。随着食管内镜和外科介入治疗的增加，出现了更多难以治疗的良性难治性食管狭窄，通常需要先进的内窥镜技术。在这次审查中,我们提供了良性和恶性食管狭窄的循证管理的实用概述，包括管理良性难治性狭窄的实用算法。
