Abstract:
False claims of having an intersex condition have been observed in print, video, Internet media, and in live presentations. Claims of being intersexed in publicly accessible media were examined and evidence that they were false was considered sufficiently conclusive in 37 cases. Falsity was most often detected due to medical implausibility and/or inconsistency, but sometimes also using information from third-party or published sources. The majority, 26/37, of cases were natal males; 11/37 were natal females. Almost all (34/37) were transgendered, living, or aspiring to live, in their non-natal sex or as socially intergender. The most commonly claimed diagnosis was ovotesticular disorder (\"true hermaphroditism\") due to chimerism, an actually uncommon cause of authentic intersexuality. Motivations for pretending to be intersexed were inferred from statements and behaviors and were varied. Some such pretenders appear to be avoiding the external or internalized stigma of an actual transgendered condition. Some appear, similarly to persons with factitious disorder, to be seeking attention and/or the role of a sick, disadvantaged, or victimized person. Some showed evidence of paraphilia, most frequently autogynephilia, and, in several cases, paraphilic diaperism. For some cases, such claims had been accepted as authentic by journalists or social scientists and repeated as true in published material.
摘要:
在印刷品中观察到有双性条件的错误说法,视频,互联网媒体,在现场演示中。在37起案件中,对公开可访问的媒体中断绝关系的说法进行了审查,并认为这些证据是虚假的。由于医学上的不合理和/或不一致,最常被检测到错误,但有时也使用来自第三方或公开来源的信息。大多数,26/37,病例为出生男性;11/37为出生女性。几乎所有人(34/37)都是变性人,生活,或者渴望生活,在他们的非出生性别或社会性别。最常见的诊断是由于嵌合体引起的卵关节紊乱(“真正的两性畸形”),真正的性欲的一个不常见的原因。假装被性交的动机是从陈述和行为中推断出来的,并且是多种多样的。一些这样的伪装者似乎在避免实际变性人状况的外部或内化污名。有些人出现了,类似于有人为障碍的人,寻求关注和/或病人的角色,处于不利地位,或受害的人。有些人显示了亲热症的证据,最常见的是自体肾梅毒,and,在一些情况下,亲热分纸。在某些情况下,记者或社会科学家认为这种说法是真实的,并在发表的材料中重复了这种说法。