Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial prosthodontists were advanced digital technology (ADT) adopters early in the new Millennium. The past two decades saw a range of digital enablers emerge including digital imaging (internal and surface), digital surgical planning, digital functional assessment, subtractive and additive manufacturing, navigation, and robotics among others. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the latest ADT arrival that will be a challenging disruptive technology. ADT has served as a profound change agent in maxillofacial prosthodontics. The intent was to explore the process and level of ADT engagement in maxillofacial prosthodontics.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose was twofold. Firstly, to explore maxillofacial prosthodontic engagement of ADT. Secondly, to develop a discussion document to assist the American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics (AAMP) with establishing a collective awareness and considered opinion on the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics in the digital era.
METHODS: AAMP member interest in ADT was assessed through analysis of AAMP annual congress programs and publications in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (JPD). The history of the maxillofacial prosthodontic journey to the digital era was undertaken with a selective literature review. The perceptions maxillofacial prosthodontists hold on ADT engagement was assessed through a survey of AAMP members. Developing an understanding of the influence AI was conducted with a review of pertinent literature.
RESULTS: From 2011-2020, an annual mean of 38% of papers published in the JPD involved clinical use of ADT. From 2017-2019, 44% of invited presentations at AAMP annual congresses included clinical use of ADT. The journey to the digital era distinguished three periods with formative and consolidation periods influencing the innovation digital era. The AAMP member survey had a 59% response rate and studied 10 domains through 31 questions. Of the respondents, 89% thought ADT important to the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics.
CONCLUSIONS: The discussion document will assist the AAMP in developing a collective consciousness and considered opinion on ADT in the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics. Members of the AAMP have a developed interest in clinical applications of ADT. A great challenge is that no formal education, training, or clinical competency requirements for ADT could be identified. Clinical competency requirements are important to prepare maxillofacial prosthodontics for the inevitability of a digital era future. The discussion document poses the fundamental question of whether maxillofacial prosthodontists will remain as passive end users of ADT and AI or will they become engaged knowledge workers that have determined clinical competency in ADT and AI in patient care. Without this knowledge worker role, maxillofacial prosthodontists may experience difficulty being part of the inevitable ADT-AI driven future.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose was twofold. Firstly, to explore maxillofacial prosthodontic engagement of ADT. Secondly, to develop a discussion document to assist the American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics (AAMP) with establishing a collective awareness and considered opinion on the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics in the digital era.
METHODS: AAMP member interest in ADT was assessed through analysis of AAMP annual congress programs and publications in the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (JPD). The history of the maxillofacial prosthodontic journey to the digital era was undertaken with a selective literature review. The perceptions maxillofacial prosthodontists hold on ADT engagement was assessed through a survey of AAMP members. Developing an understanding of the influence AI was conducted with a review of pertinent literature.
RESULTS: From 2011-2020, an annual mean of 38% of papers published in the JPD involved clinical use of ADT. From 2017-2019, 44% of invited presentations at AAMP annual congresses included clinical use of ADT. The journey to the digital era distinguished three periods with formative and consolidation periods influencing the innovation digital era. The AAMP member survey had a 59% response rate and studied 10 domains through 31 questions. Of the respondents, 89% thought ADT important to the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics.
CONCLUSIONS: The discussion document will assist the AAMP in developing a collective consciousness and considered opinion on ADT in the future of maxillofacial prosthodontics. Members of the AAMP have a developed interest in clinical applications of ADT. A great challenge is that no formal education, training, or clinical competency requirements for ADT could be identified. Clinical competency requirements are important to prepare maxillofacial prosthodontics for the inevitability of a digital era future. The discussion document poses the fundamental question of whether maxillofacial prosthodontists will remain as passive end users of ADT and AI or will they become engaged knowledge workers that have determined clinical competency in ADT and AI in patient care. Without this knowledge worker role, maxillofacial prosthodontists may experience difficulty being part of the inevitable ADT-AI driven future.
摘要：
背景：颌面修复医生是新千年早期的先进数字技术（ADT）采用者。在过去的二十年中，出现了一系列数字推动者，包括数字成像（内部和表面），数字手术计划，数字功能评估，减法和增材制造，导航,和机器人等。人工智能（AI）是最新的ADT到来，它将是一项具有挑战性的颠覆性技术。ADT已成为颌面修复术中的深刻变革剂。目的是探索颌面修复中ADT接合的过程和水平。
目的：目的是双重的。首先,目的探讨颌面修复牙接合的ADT。其次,制定讨论文件，以协助美国颌面修复学会（AAMP）建立集体意识，并考虑对数字时代颌面修复术的未来的看法。
方法：AAMP成员对ADT的兴趣是通过分析AAMP年度大会计划和《义肢牙科杂志》（JPD）上的出版物来评估的。通过选择性的文献综述，进行了颌面修复到数字时代的历史。通过对AAMP成员的调查，评估了颌面修复医生对ADT接合的看法。发展对AI影响力的理解是在回顾相关文献的基础上进行的。
结果：从2011年到2020年，JPD发表的论文中每年平均有38％涉及ADT的临床使用。从2017年至2019年，在AAMP年度大会上邀请的演讲中有44％包括ADT的临床使用。数字时代的旅程区分了三个时期，形成时期和巩固时期影响了创新数字时代。AAMP成员调查的回复率为59％，并通过31个问题研究了10个领域。在受访者中，89%以为ADT对今后的颌面修复有重要意义。
结论：讨论文件将有助于AAMP在未来的颌面修复中发展对ADT的集体意识和考虑意见。AAMP成员对ADT的临床应用产生了浓厚的兴趣。一个巨大的挑战是没有正规的教育，培训,或者可以确定ADT的临床能力要求。临床能力要求对于为数字化时代的必然性做好颌面口腔修复准备很重要。讨论文件提出了一个基本问题，即颌面修复医生是否将继续作为ADT和AI的被动最终用户，或者他们将成为已经确定患者护理中ADT和AI临床能力的敬业知识工作者。没有这种知识工作者的角色，作为不可避免的ADT-AI驱动的未来的一部分，颌面修复医生可能会遇到困难。
目的：目的是双重的。首先,目的探讨颌面修复牙接合的ADT。其次,制定讨论文件，以协助美国颌面修复学会（AAMP）建立集体意识，并考虑对数字时代颌面修复术的未来的看法。
方法：AAMP成员对ADT的兴趣是通过分析AAMP年度大会计划和《义肢牙科杂志》（JPD）上的出版物来评估的。通过选择性的文献综述，进行了颌面修复到数字时代的历史。通过对AAMP成员的调查，评估了颌面修复医生对ADT接合的看法。发展对AI影响力的理解是在回顾相关文献的基础上进行的。
结果：从2011年到2020年，JPD发表的论文中每年平均有38％涉及ADT的临床使用。从2017年至2019年，在AAMP年度大会上邀请的演讲中有44％包括ADT的临床使用。数字时代的旅程区分了三个时期，形成时期和巩固时期影响了创新数字时代。AAMP成员调查的回复率为59％，并通过31个问题研究了10个领域。在受访者中，89%以为ADT对今后的颌面修复有重要意义。
结论：讨论文件将有助于AAMP在未来的颌面修复中发展对ADT的集体意识和考虑意见。AAMP成员对ADT的临床应用产生了浓厚的兴趣。一个巨大的挑战是没有正规的教育，培训,或者可以确定ADT的临床能力要求。临床能力要求对于为数字化时代的必然性做好颌面口腔修复准备很重要。讨论文件提出了一个基本问题，即颌面修复医生是否将继续作为ADT和AI的被动最终用户，或者他们将成为已经确定患者护理中ADT和AI临床能力的敬业知识工作者。没有这种知识工作者的角色，作为不可避免的ADT-AI驱动的未来的一部分，颌面修复医生可能会遇到困难。
