Abstract：
The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are both widely used to assess immunity to infectious diseases such as measles, but they use two different measurement principles: ELISA measures the ability of antibodies to bind to virus components, while the PRNT detects the aptitude of antibodies to prevent the infection of a susceptible cell. As a result, detection of measles virus (MV) neutralizing antibodies is the gold standard for assessing immunity to measles. However, the assay is laborious and requires experience and excellent technical skills. In addition, the result is only available after several days. Therefore, the classical PRNT is not suitable for high-throughput testing. By using an immunocolorimetric assay (ICA) to detect MV-infected cells, the standard PRNT has been developed into a focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT). This assay is faster and has improved specificity. The FRNT described here is extremely useful when immunity to measles virus needs to be assessed in patients with a specific medical condition, such as immunocompromised individuals in whom presumed residual immunity needs to be assessed. The FRNT is not generally recommended for use with large numbers of specimens, such as in a seroprevalence study.
摘要：
斑块减少中和试验(PRNT)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)均广泛用于评估对麻疹等传染病的免疫力,但是他们使用两种不同的测量原理：ELISA测量抗体与病毒成分结合的能力，而PRNT检测抗体的能力，以防止易感细胞的感染。因此,麻疹病毒（MV）中和抗体的检测是评估麻疹免疫力的金标准。然而,该测定是费力的，需要经验和优秀的技术技能。此外,结果只有几天后才可用。因此,经典的PRNT不适合高通量测试。通过使用免疫比色法（ICA）检测MV感染的细胞，标准PRNT已发展成焦点减少中和试验(FRNT)。该测定更快并且具有改进的特异性。当需要在具有特定医疗条件的患者中评估对麻疹病毒的免疫力时，此处描述的FRNT非常有用，例如需要评估假定的残余免疫力的免疫受损个体。FRNT通常不建议用于大量标本，例如在血清阳性率研究中。
