Abstract：
Firearms are a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults in the United States. Early exposure to violence, as a victim or witness, is associated with increased risk of firearm-related experiences, including carrying and threatening others with a gun. These experiences, in turn, increase the risk of both fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries. Using an ethnically diverse sample of emerging adults, we build on prior research by examining the link between early violence exposure at multiple contexts of the social-ecological model and multiple firearm-related experiences (i.e., firearm-threatening victimization, firearm-threatening perpetration, and firearm carriage). We analyzed data from a 10-year longitudinal study of 1042 youth in the Southern United States. Experiencing childhood physical abuse was associated with both firearm-threatening victimization and perpetration in emerging adulthood. Additionally, exposure to neighborhood and interparental violence were linked to threatening others with firearms and carrying firearms, respectively. Counter to expectations, bullying victimization did not emerge as a predictor of any firearm-related experiences. Findings highlight the importance of cross-cutting violence prevention efforts to prevent high-risk firearm-related behaviors among emerging adults. Programs for children and adolescents that address these types of violence exposure should highlight coping skills and sources of positive social support to bolster protective factors against firearm-related outcomes.
摘要：
枪支是美国青少年和年轻人死亡的主要原因。早期接触暴力，作为受害者或证人,与枪支相关经历的风险增加，包括携带和用枪威胁他人。这些经历,反过来,增加致命和非致命枪支伤害的风险。使用不同种族的新兴成年人样本，我们在先前的研究基础上，研究了在社会生态模型的多种背景下的早期暴力暴露与多种枪支相关经历之间的联系(即，威胁枪支的伤害，威胁枪支的行为，和火器车厢)。我们分析了美国南部1042名青年的10年纵向研究数据。经历童年的身体虐待与成年后威胁枪支的受害和犯罪有关。此外,接触邻里和父母间的暴力与用枪支和携带枪支威胁他人有关，分别。与预期相反,欺凌受害并不能预测任何与枪支相关的经历。调查结果强调了跨领域预防暴力工作的重要性，以防止新兴成年人中与枪支有关的高风险行为。针对儿童和青少年的针对这些类型的暴力暴露的计划应强调应对技巧和积极社会支持的来源，以加强针对枪支相关结果的保护因素。
