PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Distal femur fractures present a substantial orthopedic challenge, necessitating a comprehensive exploration spanning epidemiology, anatomy, classification, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. This review thoroughly analyzes the multifaceted aspects surrounding distal femur fractures. It delves into the definition and epidemiology, shedding light on the incidence, age distribution, and associated risk factors. An exhaustive examination of the distal femur\'s anatomy, encompassing ligaments and tendons, establishes the groundwork for understanding fracture patterns and subsequent classification according to the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) system. Diagnostic considerations encompass physical examination and various imaging modalities, emphasizing the critical importance of prompt and accurate assessment. The extensive discussion on treatment options ranges from non-surgical management, including casting and traction, to surgical interventions, such as open reduction and internal fixation, intramedullary nailing, and external fixation. The implications for clinical practice underscore the necessity for tailored approaches based on fracture characteristics to optimize patient outcomes. However, this review also emphasizes areas necessitating further investigation, including exploring predictive biomarkers, advanced surgical techniques, and innovative rehabilitation protocols. Insights from long-term outcomes and quality-of-life assessments in diverse populations offer promising avenues for enhancing the comprehensive management of distal femur fractures. Continuous research in these areas can refine treatment strategies and elevate the standard of care for individuals grappling with this intricate orthopedic condition.
摘要：
股骨远端骨折带来了巨大的骨科挑战，需要进行全面的流行病学探索，解剖学,分类，诊断,和治疗策略。这篇综述彻底分析了股骨远端骨折周围的多方面问题。它深入研究了定义和流行病学，在入射角上发光，年龄分布，和相关的危险因素。彻底检查股骨远端的解剖结构，包括韧带和肌腱，根据AO基金会/骨科创伤协会（AO/OTA）系统，为理解骨折模式和随后的分类奠定了基础。诊断考虑包括体格检查和各种成像方式，强调迅速和准确评估的关键重要性。关于治疗方案的广泛讨论包括非手术管理，包括铸造和牵引，外科手术干预，如切开复位和内固定，髓内钉,和外固定。临床实践的意义强调了基于骨折特征的定制方法以优化患者预后的必要性。然而,这次审查还强调了需要进一步调查的领域，包括探索预测性生物标志物，先进的外科技术，和创新的康复方案。来自不同人群的长期结果和生活质量评估的见解为加强股骨远端骨折的综合管理提供了有希望的途径。这些领域的持续研究可以完善治疗策略，并提高应对这种复杂骨科疾病的个人的护理标准。
