PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Identify the benefits and caveats of combining minimal access approaches to the infratemporal fossa (ITF), such as the endoscopic transnasal, endoscopic transorbital, endoscopic transoral, and endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary approaches to address extensive lesions not amenable to a single approach. The study provides anatomical metrics including area of exposure and degree of surgical freedom.
UNASSIGNED: Five human cadaveric specimens (10 sides) were dissected to expose and methodically analyze the anatomical intricacies of the ITF using the following minimal access approaches: endoscopic transnasal transpterygoid (EETA), endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary, endoscopic transorbital via infraorbital foramen, and endoscopic transoral techniques. Area of exposure at the pterygopalatine fossa and surgical freedom at the ITF were obtained for each approach.
UNASSIGNED: The endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary sinus and the combined approach afford a significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA. The difference in exposure (mean) between the endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary and EETA was 1.62 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001), and the difference between the combined approach and EETA was 4.25 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Combining minimal access endoscopic approaches to the ITF can provide significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA; thus, providing enhanced access to address lesions with extensive involvement of the ITF, especially those with superolateral and inferolateral extensions. In addition, some approaches may have an adjunctive role to the resection, such as the endoscopic transoral approach offering the potential for early control of the internal maxillary artery and its branches, some of which may be supplying the tumor in the ITF; or the endoscopic transorbital approach yielding a direct line of sight to the superior ITF and middle cranial fossa.
UNASSIGNED: NA.
UNASSIGNED: Five human cadaveric specimens (10 sides) were dissected to expose and methodically analyze the anatomical intricacies of the ITF using the following minimal access approaches: endoscopic transnasal transpterygoid (EETA), endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary, endoscopic transorbital via infraorbital foramen, and endoscopic transoral techniques. Area of exposure at the pterygopalatine fossa and surgical freedom at the ITF were obtained for each approach.
UNASSIGNED: The endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary sinus and the combined approach afford a significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA. The difference in exposure (mean) between the endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary and EETA was 1.62 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001), and the difference between the combined approach and EETA was 4.25 ± 0.85 cm2 (p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Combining minimal access endoscopic approaches to the ITF can provide significantly greater exposure than an isolated EETA; thus, providing enhanced access to address lesions with extensive involvement of the ITF, especially those with superolateral and inferolateral extensions. In addition, some approaches may have an adjunctive role to the resection, such as the endoscopic transoral approach offering the potential for early control of the internal maxillary artery and its branches, some of which may be supplying the tumor in the ITF; or the endoscopic transorbital approach yielding a direct line of sight to the superior ITF and middle cranial fossa.
UNASSIGNED: NA.
摘要：
■确定对颞下窝（ITF）结合最小访问方法的好处和注意事项，比如经鼻内窥镜，内镜经眶,经口内镜,和内窥镜阴唇下经上颌入路可解决单一入路不适合的广泛病变。该研究提供了解剖学指标，包括暴露面积和手术自由度。
■解剖了五个人类尸体标本（10面），以暴露并使用以下最小途径系统地分析ITF的解剖复杂性：内窥镜经鼻经翼状体（EETA），鼻内镜阴唇下经上颌,经眶下孔内镜,和内窥镜经口技术。每种方法都获得了翼腭窝的暴露面积和ITF的手术自由度。
■内窥镜阴唇下经上颌窦和联合入路的暴露量明显大于孤立的EETA。经内镜阴唇下经颌骨和EETA的暴露量（平均值）差异为1.62±0.85cm2（p<0.001），联合方法与EETA之间的差异为4.25±0.85cm2（p<0.001）。
■将最少的内窥镜方法结合到ITF可以提供比孤立的EETA更大的暴露；因此，提供更多途径，以解决ITF广泛参与的病变，尤其是那些有上外侧和下外侧延伸的人。此外,一些方法可能对切除有辅助作用，如内窥镜经口方法提供早期控制上颌内动脉及其分支的潜力，其中一些可能在ITF中提供肿瘤；或内窥镜经眶入路可直接看到上ITF和中颅窝。
■NA。
■解剖了五个人类尸体标本（10面），以暴露并使用以下最小途径系统地分析ITF的解剖复杂性：内窥镜经鼻经翼状体（EETA），鼻内镜阴唇下经上颌,经眶下孔内镜,和内窥镜经口技术。每种方法都获得了翼腭窝的暴露面积和ITF的手术自由度。
■内窥镜阴唇下经上颌窦和联合入路的暴露量明显大于孤立的EETA。经内镜阴唇下经颌骨和EETA的暴露量（平均值）差异为1.62±0.85cm2（p<0.001），联合方法与EETA之间的差异为4.25±0.85cm2（p<0.001）。
■将最少的内窥镜方法结合到ITF可以提供比孤立的EETA更大的暴露；因此，提供更多途径，以解决ITF广泛参与的病变，尤其是那些有上外侧和下外侧延伸的人。此外,一些方法可能对切除有辅助作用，如内窥镜经口方法提供早期控制上颌内动脉及其分支的潜力，其中一些可能在ITF中提供肿瘤；或内窥镜经眶入路可直接看到上ITF和中颅窝。
■NA。
