Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Microbiome research has predominantly focused on the oral cavity and oropharynx\'s role in disease, while the upper airway, specifically the larynx and trachea, has been relatively overlooked. Examining the microbial communities in these regions can shed light on how dysbiosis influences diseases and their management. This review evaluates laryngotracheal microbial compositions in both healthy and diseased patients.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central databases, yielding 1383 studies in the initial search. Inclusion criteria involved participants aged over 18 years and the use of next-generation 16s ribosomal sequencing methods.
RESULTS: We included 10 studies-seven focused on larynx sequencing and four on trachea sequencing (one investigated both sites). In a healthy larynx, diverse species such as Streptococcus, Cloacibacterium, Prevotella, and Helicobacter were found. Benign laryngeal diseases exhibited reduced microbial diversity, mainly dominated by Streptococcus. Subglottic stenosis patients showed diminished diversity in both idiopathic and iatrogenic scars. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma displayed increased diversity, primarily featuring Fusobacterium. Among non-respiratory-compromised surgery patients, the tracheal microbiome was more diverse in diabetics and those later developing lower respiratory infections. Pneumonia patients exhibited an abundance of Prevotella and Streptococcus, linked to an increased 28-day survival rate, while Streptococcus and Haemophilus abundance correlated with successful extubation.
CONCLUSIONS: The laryngotracheal region hosts a unique microbial community influenced by both benign and malignant conditions. Many lesions remain unexplored, underscoring the need for future studies encompassing diverse laryngotracheal conditions. Clinical trials assessing microbiome modifications may unveil novel therapeutic avenues.
METHODS: NA Laryngoscope, 2024.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central databases, yielding 1383 studies in the initial search. Inclusion criteria involved participants aged over 18 years and the use of next-generation 16s ribosomal sequencing methods.
RESULTS: We included 10 studies-seven focused on larynx sequencing and four on trachea sequencing (one investigated both sites). In a healthy larynx, diverse species such as Streptococcus, Cloacibacterium, Prevotella, and Helicobacter were found. Benign laryngeal diseases exhibited reduced microbial diversity, mainly dominated by Streptococcus. Subglottic stenosis patients showed diminished diversity in both idiopathic and iatrogenic scars. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma displayed increased diversity, primarily featuring Fusobacterium. Among non-respiratory-compromised surgery patients, the tracheal microbiome was more diverse in diabetics and those later developing lower respiratory infections. Pneumonia patients exhibited an abundance of Prevotella and Streptococcus, linked to an increased 28-day survival rate, while Streptococcus and Haemophilus abundance correlated with successful extubation.
CONCLUSIONS: The laryngotracheal region hosts a unique microbial community influenced by both benign and malignant conditions. Many lesions remain unexplored, underscoring the need for future studies encompassing diverse laryngotracheal conditions. Clinical trials assessing microbiome modifications may unveil novel therapeutic avenues.
METHODS: NA Laryngoscope, 2024.
摘要：
背景：微生物组研究主要集中在口腔和口咽在疾病中的作用，而上呼吸道，特别是喉和气管，相对被忽视了。检查这些地区的微生物群落可以揭示菌群失调如何影响疾病及其管理。这篇综述评估了健康和患病患者的喉气管微生物组成。
方法：我们在EMBASE中进行了系统综述，MEDLINE,和CochraneCentral数据库,在最初的搜索中产生1383项研究。纳入标准涉及年龄超过18岁的参与者以及使用下一代16s核糖体测序方法。
结果：我们纳入了10项研究，其中7项集中于喉测序，4项集中于气管测序（其中一项研究了两个位点）。在健康的喉部，不同的物种，如链球菌，回肠杆菌,普雷沃氏菌,并发现了螺杆菌。良性喉疾病表现出减少的微生物多样性，主要以链球菌为主。声门下狭窄患者的特发性和医源性疤痕的多样性均降低。喉鳞状细胞癌表现出增加的多样性，主要以梭杆菌属为特征。在非呼吸受损的手术患者中，糖尿病患者和后来发生下呼吸道感染的患者的气管微生物组更加多样化.肺炎患者表现出丰富的普雷沃氏菌和链球菌，与28天生存率的提高有关，而链球菌和嗜血杆菌的丰度与成功拔管相关。
结论：喉气管区域具有受良性和恶性疾病影响的独特微生物群落。许多病变仍未被发现，强调未来研究的必要性，包括不同的喉气管条件。评估微生物组修饰的临床试验可能会揭示新的治疗途径。
方法：NA喉镜，2024.
方法：我们在EMBASE中进行了系统综述，MEDLINE,和CochraneCentral数据库,在最初的搜索中产生1383项研究。纳入标准涉及年龄超过18岁的参与者以及使用下一代16s核糖体测序方法。
结果：我们纳入了10项研究，其中7项集中于喉测序，4项集中于气管测序（其中一项研究了两个位点）。在健康的喉部，不同的物种，如链球菌，回肠杆菌,普雷沃氏菌,并发现了螺杆菌。良性喉疾病表现出减少的微生物多样性，主要以链球菌为主。声门下狭窄患者的特发性和医源性疤痕的多样性均降低。喉鳞状细胞癌表现出增加的多样性，主要以梭杆菌属为特征。在非呼吸受损的手术患者中，糖尿病患者和后来发生下呼吸道感染的患者的气管微生物组更加多样化.肺炎患者表现出丰富的普雷沃氏菌和链球菌，与28天生存率的提高有关，而链球菌和嗜血杆菌的丰度与成功拔管相关。
结论：喉气管区域具有受良性和恶性疾病影响的独特微生物群落。许多病变仍未被发现，强调未来研究的必要性，包括不同的喉气管条件。评估微生物组修饰的临床试验可能会揭示新的治疗途径。
方法：NA喉镜，2024.
