OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity in SLE patients in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
METHODS: This retrospective record-based research was conducted at KFMC from January 2015 to October 2023. A review of the medical files of all SLE patients was accomplished.
RESULTS: The vast majority of the patients (90.9%) were females. The mean age for the patients was 36.5 years. The most common comorbidities were lupus nephritis (34.6%), hypothyroidism (18.4%), and anti-phospholipid syndrome (9.2%). The most commonly used medications were hydroxychloroquine (81.8%), corticosteroids (prednisolone) (43.0%), and mycophenolate mofetil (27.9%). Around 45.2% (n= 176) of the patients with SLE developed cardiovascular complications. The most commonly reported cardiovascular diseases that developed after diagnosing patients with SLE were hypertension (22.4%), valvular heart diseases (13.2%), and dyslipidemia (9.2%). The study also found that anti-dsDNA antibodies can reduce the likelihood of developing hypertension by 40%. This research contributes to the medical literature on SLE and sets the stage for future research on personalized healthcare strategies for managing SLE and its complications.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that a considerable proportion of SLE patients(~50%) develop cardiovascular complications, with hypertension, valvular heart diseases, and dyslipidemia being the most common. We also discovered that anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (Anti-dsDNA) reduce the likelihood of developing hypertension.
目的:本研究旨在确定利雅得法哈德国王医疗城(KFMC)SLE患者的心血管疾病患病率,沙特阿拉伯。
方法:这项基于记录的回顾性研究于2015年1月至2023年10月在KFMC进行。完成了对所有SLE患者的医疗档案的审查。
结果:绝大多数患者(90.9%)为女性。患者的平均年龄为36.5岁。最常见的合并症是狼疮性肾炎(34.6%),甲状腺功能减退(18.4%),和抗磷脂综合征(9.2%)。最常用的药物是羟氯喹(81.8%),皮质类固醇(泼尼松龙)(43.0%),和霉酚酸酯(27.9%)。约45.2%(n=176)的SLE患者发生心血管并发症。诊断为SLE患者后最常见的心血管疾病是高血压(22.4%)。心脏瓣膜病(13.2%),和血脂异常(9.2%)。该研究还发现,抗dsDNA抗体可以将患高血压的可能性降低40%。这项研究有助于SLE的医学文献,并为未来研究SLE及其并发症的个性化医疗保健策略奠定了基础。
结论:这项研究强调,相当比例的SLE患者(约50%)发生心血管并发症,患有高血压,心脏瓣膜病,和血脂异常是最常见的。我们还发现抗双链脱氧核糖核酸抗体(Anti-dsDNA)降低了发生高血压的可能性。